Figure 5.

ICS reduced transfusion-related immune modulation of dendritic cells in a model of bacterial infection. Dendritic cell intracellular cytokine production and expression of surface activation and adhesion molecules following exposure to standard allogenic blood or autologous ICS. X axis: in vitro “transfusion” conditions, preoperative sample (Pre-Op, closed black circles), preoperative sample + ABO-compatible allogeneic blood (Pre-Op + ABO, closed red squares), and preoperative sample + their own cell salvage blood (Pre-Op + ICS, closed blue diamonds). Y axis: median fluorescent intensity of indicated cytokine or surface marker in gated dendritic cells (Lin⁻, HLADR⁺, CD11c⁺). Analysis of variance indicated by bar and P-value with Tukey’s post-test indicated by *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.

HLA-DR: human leukocyte antigen DR phenotype; ICS: intraoperative cell salvage; IL: interleukin; MCP-1: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MIP-1α: macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alfa; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alfa.