Table 1.

Demographic characteristics of the sample and associations with PHQ-4 scores

		Total sample		PHQ4		Group differences
		n	%	M	SD	P value	Effect sizea
Gender	Female	286	63.8	1.9	0.7	.002	d = 0.31
	Male	162	36.2	1.7	0.6
Age group	18–24	252	45.7	1.8	0.6	n.s.
	25–34	236	42.8	1.9	0.7
	35–44	46	8.3	1.7	0.7
	45–54	18	3.3	1.5	0.4
Nationality	Swiss	489	88.9	1.8	0.6	n.s.
	Non-Swiss	61	11.1	2.0	0.8
Migration background	No	484	89.7	1.8	0.6	.015	d = 0.25
	Yes	54	10.1	2.1	0.8
Discipline	Social Work	225	40.4			n.s.
	Engineering & Architecture	190	34.1
	Information Technology	3	.5
	Art & Design	104	18.7
	Music	11	2.0
	Business	24	4.3
Relationship status	Spouse/partner, living in the household	148	29.9	1.9	0.8	n.s.
	Spouse/partner living outside the household	125	25.3	1.8	0.6
	No spouse/partner	169	34.1	1.8	0.6
	Another form of relationship	53	10.7	1.8	0.6
Number of children	No children	486	92.2			n.s.
	1 child	24	4.6
	2 children	11	2.1
	3 children	6	1.1
Household type	Single-person household	53	10.0	1.9	0.7	.032	η2 = .027
	Couple with no children	113	21.3	1.9	0.8
	Couple with child(ren)	56	10.5	1.5	0.5
	Single-parent household with child(ren)	70	13.2	1.8	0.7
	Non-family household with several people (e.g., shared house)	161	30.3	1.8	0.6
	Other	78	14.7	1.7	0.7

^aEffect sizes defined as follows: “small, d = .2, η²  = .02”, “medium, d = .5, η²  =  .13”, “large, d = .8, η²  = .26”