FIGURE 1.

The Nanodisc System. All images are based on long‐term molecular dynamics simulations and illustrate two main uses of Nanodiscs. (a) The self‐assembled discoidal bilayer formed by DMPC lipids and two encircling MSP1D1 membrane scaffold proteins (MSPs; blue and magenta helices). (b) Human cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 as an example of an incorporated membrane protein target in its natural bilayer environment, rendered soluble in aqueous solution by the amphipathic MSP. (c) The use of Nanodiscs as a membrane surface of defined lipid composition. The fully processed oncoprotein KRas4b, with methylated carboxy terminus and covalently attached farnesyl group as it associates with the bilayer (grey surface). The polycationic hyper variable domain (wheat color, Cα atoms shown) and head group residues (helix 4 surface representation) both associate with the anionic bilayer surface. GDP substrate is shown in a Van der Waals atomic surface representation