Number of daily medications (a) and pill burden (b) during end-stage renal disease (before kidney transplantation, on discharge after kidney transplantation [M0], and 4 and 12 months after kidney transplantation [M4 and M12]). (a) Differences over time were statistically significant (analysis of variance, P < 0.001). ∗P < 0.001 for comparisons between before transplantation and M0, M4, and M12 (after Bonferroni correction). ∗∗Differences between M0 and M4, and M0 and M12 not significant (after Bonferroni correction). $P < 0.001 between M4 and M12 (after Bonferroni correction). (b) Differences over time were statistically significant (analysis of variance, P < 0.001). ∗P < 0.001 for comparisons between before transplantation and M0, M4, and M12 (after Bonferroni correction). ∗∗P < 0.001 between M0 and M4, and between M0 and M12 (after Bonferroni correction). $P = 0.003 between M4 and M12 (after Bonferroni correction).