Fig. 8.

Proinflammatory cytokines quantification in RAW 264.7. 5x10⁵ cells/well were plated and incubated with culture medium (control), LPS 1 ug/ml (positive control), and dichloromethane, hexane and methanol extracts (0.01–0.05 and 0.1 μM) for 24 h at 37 °C and 5% CO₂. IL-6 (A) and TNF-α (B) concentrations were analyzed by ELISA. Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments with duplicate determinations. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni test as statistical analysis was performed. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.