Table 3.
Esophageal Lewy pathology and clinicopathological factors among 178 older people who showed Lewy pathology in their nervous systems
| Esophageal Lewy pathology | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Negative | |||
| Clinical and genetic characteristics | ||||
| Age at death (y, mean) | 84.3 | 82.8 | 0.675 | |
| Gender (n) | ||||
| Male | 40 (22.5%) | 58 (32.6%) | 0.4479 | |
| Female | 38 (21.3%) | 42 (23.6%) | ||
| APOE (n) | ||||
| ε2/ε3 | 6 (3.4%) | 5 (2.8%) | ND | |
| ε3/ε3 | 55 (30.9%) | 75 (42.1%) | ||
| ε2/ε4 | 1 (0.6%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| ε3/ε4 | 13 (7.3%) | 18 (10.1%) | ||
| ε4/ε4 | 2 (1.1%) | 1 (0.6%) | ||
| Constipation (n) | ||||
| Positive | 23 (12.9%) | 5 (2.8%) | < 0.0001 | |
| Negative | 55 (30.9%) | 95 (53.4%) | ||
| Other autonomic failures (n) | ||||
| Positive | 18 (10.1%) | 5 (2.8%) | 0.0005 | |
| Negative | 60 (33.7%) | 95 (53.4%) | ||
| Parkinsonism (n) | ||||
| Positive | 31 (17.4%) | 9 (5.1%) | < 0.0001 | |
| Negative | 47 (26.4%) | 91 (51.1%) | ||
| Dementia (n) | ||||
| Positive | 48 (27.0%) | 46 (25.8%) | 0.0562 | |
| Negative | 30 (16.9%) | 54 (30.3%) | ||
| Neuropathological factors | ||||
| Brain weight (g, mean) | 1212 | 1205 | 0.7406 | |
| DLB 4th consensus report (n) | ||||
| Diffuse neocortical | 44 (24.7%) | 5 (2.8%) | < 0.0001 | |
| Limbic | 22 (12.4%) | 23 (12.9%) | ||
| Brainstem-predominant | 11 (6.2%) | 32 (18.0%) | ||
| Amygdala-predominant | 1 (0.6%) | 28 (15.7%) | ||
| BBAR LB stage (n) | ||||
| 0–2 | 37 (20.8%) | 95 (53.4%) | < 0.0001 | |
| 3–5 | 41 (23.0%) | 5 (2.8%) | ||
| Braak LB stage (n) | ||||
| 0–3 | 21 (11.8%) | 85 (47.8%) | < 0.0001 | |
| 4–6 | 57 (32.0%) | 15 (8.4%) | ||
BBAR the Brain Bank for Aging Research, DLB dementia with Lewy bodies, LB Lewy body, ND not determined