Figure 1.

Sequence of trial events in training and test phases of Experiments 1 and 2 (no reward or shock was delivered during the test phases). Each trial began with the presentation of a fixation cross at the center of the screen. After the participant fixated the cross for 500 ms, the search display was presented for 1,000 ms or until the participant fixated the unique shape (i.e., the target) for 100 ms. A 1,000-ms blank screen followed the search display. When a reward (Experiments 1 and 2) or a shock (Experiment 1) was delivered during the training phase, a 1,500-ms delay was added before the start of the next trial. The shock was administered 1,000 ms after the search display in 33% of the threat-related trials. Correct responses were followed by the delivery of monetary reward feedback in 33% of the reward-related trials. Note that the distractor color associated with the reward was different from the distractor color associated with the shock. See the online article for the color version of this figure.