Figure 2.

Impact of Ca²⁺ overload on STIM expression level and SOCE in the development of CNS disorders. In hypoxic/ischemic neuronal injury, TBI, epilepsy, PD, and HD Ca²⁺ overload is associated with increased STIM expression level and SOCE and thus decreased ER Ca²⁺ level. Contrary, in AD Ca²⁺ overload results in decreased STIM expression level and SOCE and thus increased ER Ca²⁺ level. SOCE blockage and STIM downregulation seem to be neuroprotective in hypoxic/ischemic neuronal brain injury, epilepsy, TBI, HD, and PD, while in AD increased expression level of STIMs and SOCE enhancement appear to be neuroprotective.