Table 2. Causes of Acutely Worsening Respiratory Symptoms at Hospital Admission in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease After Pulmonary Embolism Assessment.
| Inclusion delay, h | No. of patients | Anticoagulation, No.a | Hospitalization length, median (IQR), d | At 3 mo, No. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preventive | Curative | Pulmonary embolism follow-up | All-cause death | |||
| Pulmonary embolismb | ||||||
| Total No. | 44 | 9.0 (7.0-14.0) | ||||
| ≤24 | 43 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
| >24-≤48 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Deep vein thrombosisc | ||||||
| Total No. | 10 | 10.0 (7.0-38.0) | ||||
| ≤24 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 2 | |
| >24-≤48 | 0 | |||||
| Bacterial bronchial infectiond | ||||||
| Total No. | 462 | 7.0 (4.0-10.0) | ||||
| ≤24 | 452 | 108 | 6 | 3 | 19 | |
| >24-≤48 | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Pneumoniae | ||||||
| Total No. | 69 | 8.0 (5.0-10.5) | ||||
| ≤24 | 66 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 6 | |
| >24-≤48 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Undetermined respiratory failure | ||||||
| Total No. | 69 | 6.0 (3.0-10.0) | ||||
| ≤24 | 67 | 24 | 1 | 10 | 3 | |
| >24-≤48 | 2 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Pneumothoraxf | ||||||
| Total No. | 2 | 8.5 (3.0-14.0) | ||||
| ≤24 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| >24-≤48 | 0 | |||||
| Atrial fibrillation | ||||||
| Total No. | 4 | 9.0 (4.5-14.0) | ||||
| ≤24 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| >24-≤48 | 0 | |||||
| Left cardiac failure | ||||||
| Total No. | 42 | 8.0 (5.0-11.0) | ||||
| ≤24 | 42 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 4 | |
| >24-≤48 | 0 | |||||
| New cancer or worsening of previous cancer | ||||||
| Total No. | 10 | 10.5 (6.0-20.0) | ||||
| ≤24 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | |
| >24-≤48 | 0 | |||||
| Iatrogenic | ||||||
| Total No. | 2 | 12.5 (9.0-16.0) | ||||
| ≤24 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| >24-≤48 | 0 | |||||
| Otherg | ||||||
| Total No. | 26 | 5.5 (3.0-15.0) | ||||
| ≤24 | 26 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 1 | |
| >24-≤48 | 0 | |||||
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.
Anticoagulation administered before inclusion.
One patient was classified as having adjudicated pulmonary embolism with bacterial infection.
Nine patients were classified as having adjudicated deep vein thrombosis: 2 patients also had pneumonia; 4, bacterial infection; and 3 worsening respiratory symptoms without evidence for bacterial infection and not requiring antibiotics.
Bacterial infection was based on respiratory failure requiring antibiotics without evidence for pneumonia.
Worsening respiratory symptoms without evidence for bacterial infection and not requiring antibiotics.
Two incomplete pneumothorax, not detected on chest x-ray at hospital admission, were diagnosed on spiral computed tomographic pulmonary angiography performed at inclusion.
No detail was collected for patients classified as “other.”