Table 4.
Sociodemographic, family, and community factors associated with mental health found by multiple logistic or hierarchical regression
| Associated with | Study | Type and strength of correlation (p-value) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic factors | |||
| Older age | Depression | Kim (2015) | Positive (0.004) |
| Emotional and behavioral disorder | Kinyanda (2019) | Positive (< 0.01 and 0.007) | |
| Female gender | Suicidality | Ashaba (2018) | Positive (0.03) |
| Male gender | Behavioral disorder | Kinyanda (2019) | Positive (0.01) |
| Child assets | Total difficulties (SDQ) | Gentz (2017) | Negative (0.027) |
| Not in school | Depression | Kim (2015) | Positive (0.005) |
| Higher caregiver education | Emotional disorder | Kinyanda (2019) | Positive (0.03) |
| HIV-related factors | |||
| Duration on ART | Depression | Ashaba (2018) | Positive (0.02) |
| Travel time to clinic (> 30 min) | Depression | Kemigisha (2019) | Positive (0.041) |
| Unsatisfactory relationship with health worker | Depression | Okawa (2018) | Positive (< 0.01) |
| Family factors | |||
| Good parenting | Suicidal ideation and behavior | Ng (2015) | Negative (0.03; 0.001) |
| Child mental health symptoms | Suicidal ideation and behavior | Ng (2015) | Positive (0.001; 0.03) |
| Caregiver mental health symptoms | Suicidal ideation | Ng (2015) | Positive (0.03) |
| Unsatisfactory relationship with family | Depression | Okawa (2018) | Positive (< 0.01) |
| Community factors | |||
| Bullying | Depression | Ashaba (2018) | Positive (0.04) |
| Suicidality | Ashaba (2018) | Positive (0.02) | |
| Being bullied for taking medications | Depression | Kim (2015) | Positive (< 0.0001) |
| Stigma | Total difficulties (SDQ) | Gentz (2017) | Positive (0.011) |
| Emotional symptoms (SDQ) | Gentz (2017) | Positive (0.02) | |
| Suicidality | Ashaba (2018) | Positive (0.02) | |
| Depression | Okawa (2018) | Positive (0.01) | |