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. 2020 Oct 19;31(2):1163–1181. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa284

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© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Scotopically driven activity in thin- and thick-type columns. Panel A shows the amplitude of fMRI responses to achromatic scotopic gratings (relative to uniform gray) in thick- (green) and thin-type (red) columns, in areas V2, V3, and V4. In V2 and V3, responses were significantly higher in thick-type (relative to thin-type) columns. In V4, amplitudes were lower overall, and not statistically different in thick versus thin-type columns. Panel B shows a similar comparison, subdivided into early (first half) versus late (second half) runs. No differences were found across early versus late runs. Error bars represent one standard error of mean.