Table 3.
Analysis of factors affecting high-risk varices in the entire set of patients with PVTT (n = 206)
| Variable | None or low-risk varices | High-risk varices | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 148) | (n = 58) | OR | 95% CI | P-value | OR | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Age (years) | 55.3 ± 9.8 | 55.9 ± 8.7 | 1.007 | 0.976–1.040 | 0.649 | |||
| Male | 129 (87.2) | 52 (89.7) | 1.276 | 0.483–3.376 | 0.623 | |||
| Hypertension | 30 (20.3) | 14 (24.1) | 1.252 | 0.608–2.578 | 0.543 | |||
| HBV infection | 131 (88.5) | 52 (89.7) | 1.125 | 0.420–3.010 | 0.815 | |||
| Child-Pugh class | < 0.001 | |||||||
| A (reference) | 139 (93.9) | 45 (77.6) | 1.0 | – | – | |||
| B | 9 (6.1) | 13 (22.4) | 4.462 | 1.789–11.128 | < 0.001 | |||
| PT (INR) | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 2.170 | 1.547–3.073 | < 0.001 | 1.662 | 1.151–2.401 | 0.007 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.9 ± 1.0 | 1.0 ± 0.8 | 1.027 | 0.758–1.393 | 0.863 | |||
| Platelet count (×103/uL) | 151.0 ± 65.0 | 109.9 ± 48.9 | 0.986 | 0.979–0.990 | < 0.001 | 0.985 | 0.978–0.993 | < 0.001 |
| AST (IU/L) | 59.9 ± 52.7 | 49.6 ± 32.0 | 0.995 | 0.987–1.002 | 0.175 | |||
| ALT (IU/L) | 45.2 ± 45.6 | 39.9 ± 21.1 | 0.996 | 0.987–1.005 | 0.410 | |||
| Ascites | 8 (5.4) | 10 (17.2) | 3.646 | 1.360–9.771 | 0.010 | |||
| Number of tumors | ||||||||
| Single (reference) | 84 (56.8) | 31 (53.4) | 1.0 | – | – | |||
| Multiple | 64 (43.2) | 27 (46.6) | 1.143 | 0.621–2.104 | 0.667 | |||
| Tumor size (cm) | 7.1 ± 3.5 | 7.4 ± 3.7 | 1.020 | 0.936–1.111 | 0.651 | |||
| Serum AFP (ng/ml) | 12,401.0 ± 33,830.0 | 15,156.6 ± 63,869.8 | 1.001 | 0.995–1.008 | 0.689 | |||
| Extrahepatic metastasis | 20 (13.5) | 23 (39.7) | 4.206 | 2.075–8.523 | < 0.001 | 4.240 | 1.783–10.084 | 0.001 |
| Degree of PVTT | ||||||||
| Vp2 (reference) | 61 (41.2) | 15 (25.8) | 1.0 | – | – | 1.0 | – | – |
| Vp3 | 41 (27.7) | 7 (12.1) | 0.694 | 0.260–1.851 | 0.466 | 0.788 | 0.251–2.469 | 0.682 |
| Vp4 | 46 (31.1) | 36 (62.1) | 3.183 | 1.559–6.497 | 0.001 | 3.345 | 1.457–7.680 | 0.004 |
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, or frequency (percentage)
PVTT portal vein tumor thrombosis, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, HBV hepatitis B virus, PT prothrombin time, INR international normalized ratio, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, and AFP alpha-fetoprotein