TABLE 2.
Comparison Between Subjects Who Completed Genetic Testing and Patients Not Completing Genetic Testing Across Demographic and Medical Characteristics
| Patients Completing Genetic Testing (n = 299) | Patients Not Completing Genetic Testing (n = 201) | Statistica | Pa | Effect Sizeb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||||
| Age (mean, SD) | 25.84 (4.4) | 26.21 (4.5) | 0.92 | .36 | −0.08 (–0.26 to 0.10) |
| Female, n (%) | 65 (21.7) | 39 (19.4) | 0.40 | .53 | 0.12 |
| Insurance, n (%) | 3.03 | .22 | 0.16 | ||
| Private | 164 (54.9) | 126 (62.7) | |||
| Public | 126 (42.1) | 70 (34.8) | |||
| Other | 9 (3.0) | 5 (2.5) | |||
| Mean income | 85 077.82 | 82 889.39 | 0.69 | .49 | 0.06 |
| Medical characteristics, n (%) | |||||
| Premature (GA ≤36) | 64 (21.4) | 48 (23.9) | 0.42 | .52 | 0.12 |
| Regression | 14 (4.7) | 6 (3.0) | 0.90 | .34 | 0.43 |
| Epilepsy | 3 (1.0) | 3 (1.5) | 0.24 | .62 | 0.41 |
| Family history of ASD | 89 (29.8) | 57 (28.4) | 0.12 | .73 | |
| Dysmorphic features reported by clinician | 21 (7.0) | 6 (3.0) | 3.84c | .05c,d | 0.81 |
| Additional diagnosis of global developmental delay | 125 (41.8) | 74 (36.8) | 0.21 | .65 | 0.07 |
| Neuropsychological characteristics | |||||
| Verbal, n (%) | 160 (53.5) | 128 (63.7) | 5.09c | .02c | 0.27 |
| Bayley cognitive standard score, mean (SD), n | 79.77 (14.16), 294 | 81.81 (14.83), 193 | 1.53 | .13 | −0.14 |
| Bayley language standard score, mean (SD), n | 61.45 (12.51), 213 | 65.35 (16.69), 132 | 2.31c | .02c | −0.23 |
| Bayley motor standard score, mean (SD), n | 78.60 (13.86), 212 | 79.36 (12.10), 135 | 0.52 | .60 | −0.06 |
| Vineland adaptive behavior composite, mean (SD), n | 73.35 (8.38), 252 | 76.55 (9.90), 175 | 3.61c | .001c | −0.32 |
| Vineland communication standard score, mean (SD), n | 69.54 (11.89), 264 | 73.85 (13.61), 180 | 3.45c | .001c | −0.32 |
| Vineland motor standard score, mean (SD), n | 85.57 (10.78), 261 | 87.62 (9.77), 178 | 2.04c | .04c | −0.21 |
| Vineland socialization standard score, mean (SD), n | 73.28 (7.27), 265 | 76.62 (9.72), 179 | 3.92c | .001c | −0.34 |
P values are for independent sample t tests for continuous dependent variables or χ2 tests whenever both variables were categorical.
Effect size indicators are Glass δ statistic, which is a variant of Cohen d; estimates of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8, respectively, are indicative of small, medium, and large effects. Estimates for the χ2 tests were also transformed on the SD metric, and consequently, Cohen rules apply to them as well.
Signifies statistically significant finding with P <.05 when it appears in the absence of footnote “d.”
Finding does not exceed levels of significance using the Benjamini–Hochberg correction using a false discovery rate of 0.20.