Table 2. The mean gain for each condition.

	Exp 1 Body Posture	Exp 2 Head Only	Exp 3 Hallway	Exp 3 Starfield
Standing	0.84 (0.07)	0.86 (0.06)	1.15 (0.06)	0.52 (0.03)
Supine	0.91 (0.06)	0.85 (0.05)	1.14 (0.06)	0.53 (0.04)
Prone	0.97 (0.08)	1.00 (0.08)	1.30 (0.10)	0.51 (0.05)

The gain was calculated by dividing the target distance (perceived distance) by the average distance traveled for each target distance (actual distance), and then computing the average across all target distances. This was done for all three postures in each of the three experiments. Note that for Experiment 2, the postures were supine-similar and prone-similar as only the head-on-trunk position was varied. Numbers less than 1 indicate that participants had to travel further than the target distance to feel they had passed through the target distance (low gains) and vice versa. The numbers in brackets are standard errors.