Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the patients.
| HC (N = 48) | PT (N = 44) | |
|---|---|---|
| Sex (male) | 6 (40) | 22 (50) |
| Age (year) | 36 (30–60) | 30 (26–46) |
| Smoking: never/ex/current | 34/7/3 | |
| Days after first positive PCR | 55 (34–69) | |
| Previous coexisting disease | 30 (68) | |
| <Signs and symptoms> | ||
| Disease severitya | ||
| Asymptomatic | 16 | |
| Mild | 17 | |
| Moderate | 9 | |
| Severe | 1 | |
| Critical | 1 | |
| Fever (≥37.5°) | 22 (50) | |
| Pneumonia | 11 (25) | |
| Upper respiratory symptomsb | 21 (48) | |
| Lower respiratory symptomsc | 15 (34) | |
| <Laboratory data> | ||
| Lowest PCR Ct valued | 30.0 (19.0–40.6) | |
| Neutrophil count (/μl)e | 2905 (2018–4935) | |
| Lowest lymphocyte count (/μl) | 1464 (968–1961) | |
| Highest LD level (U/l) | 189 (158–234) | |
| Highest CRP level (mg/dl) | 0.18 (0.03–0.74) | |
| Highest ferritin level (ng/ml)f | 172 (69–255) | |
| Highest D-dimer level (μg/ml)g | <0.5 (<0.5–0.8) | |
| Highest procalcitonin level (ng/ml)f | <0.02 (<0.02–0.04) | |
| Highest KL-6 level (U/ml)h | 277 (169–67) | |
| eGFR (ml/min)g | 84 (76–97) | |
| <Treatment> | ||
| Systemic corticosteroids | 3 (7) | |
| Inhaled corticosteroids | 5 (11) | |
| Favipiravir | 7 (16) | |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 4 (9) | |
Data are shown as numbers, numbers (%), or medians (interquartile ranges), as appropriate.
Disease severity is based on “Clinical management of COVID-19” edited by the World Health Organization (May 27, 2020).
Upper respiratory symptoms include rhinorrhea, sore throat, loss of smell, and loss of taste.
Lower respiratory symptoms include cough and sputum production.
N = 40, within 10 days from disease onset.
Neutrophil count at the time of lowest lymphocyte count.
N = 38.
N = 40.
The eGFR on admission is shown. CRP, C-reactive protein; Ct, threshold cycle; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; LD, lactate dehydrogenase; CRP, C-reactive protein; KL-6, Krebs von den Lungen-6; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.