Table 1.
Lists of medicinal plants used for treatments of livestock diseases in Ambo District.
| Scientific name | Family | Local name | Habit | Part used | Local disease name | English disease name | Mode of preparation | Dose and treatment duration | Animal treated | Administration route | Voucher number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acacia abyssinica Benth. | Fabaceae | Laaftoo | Tree | Leaf | Bofatu arge (afuura bofaa) | Snakebite | Chewing | One mouthful of juice per day until healing | Bovine | Topical | MB-18 |
| Acanthus pubescens (Oliv.) Engl. | Acanthaceae | Kosorruu | Shrub | Root | Dhibee ijaa | Eye infection | Crushing | Few drops per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Ophthalmic | MB-20 |
| Ajuga integrifolia Buch.-Ham. | Lamiaceae | Armaguusa | Herb | Leaf | Michii | Febrile illness | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-30 |
| Allium sativum L. | Alliaceae | Qullubbii adii | Herb | Leaf (bulb) | Dhukkuba garaa keessaa, ciniinnaa, bokoka | Abdominal pain, colic, bloat | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | — |
| Aloe pubescens Reynolds | Aloaceae | Argiisa | Shrub | Leaf sap | Madaa waanjoo | Wound | Cutting and collecting the jelly | Half coffee cup a day until healing | Bovine, equine | Topical | MB-40 |
| Amaranthus caudatus L. | Amaranthaceae | Ayyaansoo | Herb | Leaf | Albaatii | Diarrhea | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine caprine | Oral | — |
| Anethum graveolens L. | Apiaceae | Insilaalee | Herb | Leaf | Bokoka | Bloat | Crushing and adding water | One can for one day | Bovine | Oral | MB-53 |
| Bidens pilosa L. | Asteraceae | Dhama'ee | Herb | Root | Dhibeeijaa | Eye infection | Crushing | Few drops per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Ophthalmic | MB-49 |
| Brassica carinata A.Braun | Brassicaceae | Raafuu | Herb | Leaf | Bokoka | Bloat | Macerating in water | One can for one day | Bovine | Oral | — |
| Brassica nigra (L.) K.Koch | Brassicaceae | Senaafica | Herb | Seed | Rakkoo dakamuu nyaataa, ciniinnaa, bokoka | Indigestion, colic, bloat | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | — |
| Brucea antidysenterica J.F.Mill. | Simaroubaceae | Qomanyoo | Shrub | Root | Dhibee sirna hargansuu | Breathing problem | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-10 |
| Buddleja polystachya Fresen. | Loganiaceae | Anfaara | Shrub | Leaf | Bokoka | Bloat | Crushing and adding water | One can for one day | Bovine | Oral | MB-48 |
| Calpurnia aurea (Aiton) Benth. | Fabaceae | Ceekaa | Shrub | Leaf | Injiraan balleesuuf | Pediculosis | Soaking in water | Few cans per day until parasite load diminishes | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Topical | MB-39 |
| Capsicum annuum L. | Solanaceae | Barbaree | Herb | Fruit | Ciniinnaa | Colic | Grinding and adding water | One glass or can for one day | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | — |
| Carissa spinarum L. | Apocynaceae | Agamsa | Shrub | Root | Dhibee sirna hargansuu | Breathing problem | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-38 |
| Chloris gayana Kunth | Poaceae | Coqorsa | Herb | Whole plant | Afuurabofaa | Snakebite | Chewing | One mouthful of juice for one day | Bovine | Topical | MB-19 |
| Clematis hirsute Guill. & Perr. | Ranunculaceae | Hiddaadii | Shrub (climber) | Whole plant | Dhibee ijaa | Eye infection | Grinding | Some powder per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Ophthalmic | MB-16 |
| Coffea arabica L. | Rubiaceae | Buna | Shrub | Seed | Madaa | Wound | Roasting and grinding | Some powder per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Topical | — |
| Croton macrostachyus Hochst. ex Delile | Euphorbiaceae | Bakkanniisa | Tree | Leaf | Biichee, o'ichoo | Lymphangitis, foot rot | Crushing and adding water crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day for seven days one glass or can per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral and topical | MB-01 |
| Cucumis ficifolius A.Rich. | Cucurbitaceae | Hiddiihooloo | Herb (trailing) | Fruit | Rammoo garaa | Endoparasites infection | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-15 |
| Datura stramonium L. | Solanaceae | Asaangira | Herb | Leaf | Qaafirafardaa | Systemic illness | Crushing and macerating in water | One can per day for two days | Equine | Oral | MB-02 |
| Dodonaea angustifolia L.f. | Sapindaceae | Ittacha | Shrub | Leaf | Caba | Fracture | Rubbing between hands | Tying until healing | Bovine | Tied on the fractured site | MB-47 |
| Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman | Musaceae | Warqee | Herb | Whole plant | Dhibeeijaa | Eye infection | Chewing | One mouthful juice per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Ophthalmic | MB-37 |
| Eucalyptus globulus Labill. | Myrtaceae | Bargamooadii | Tree | Leaf | Michii | Febrile illness | Boiling in water | Some steam per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Fumigation | MB-23 |
| Euphorbia lathyris L. | Euphorbiaceae | Adaamii | Herb | Stem bark | Furroo | Strangle | Burning | Some smoke per day until healing | Equine | Fumigation | MB-17 |
| Gardenia ternifolia Schumach. & Thonn. | Rubiaceae | Gambeela | Tree | Leaf | Dhibeeijaa | Eye infection | Chewing | One mouthful juice per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Ophthalmic | — |
| Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce ex Steud.) J.F.Gmel. | Rosaceae | Heexoo | Tree | Fruit | Raammoo garaa | Endoparasites infection | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-26 |
| Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet | Convolvulaceae | Hiddaqarac | Herb | Root | Albaatii | Diarrhea | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-22 |
| Juniperus procera Hochst. Ex Endl. | Cupressaceae | Gaattiraa | Tree | Leaf | Maxxantoota alaa | Ectoparasites infestation | Soaking in water | Few cans per day until parasite load diminishes | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Topical | MB-12 |
| Justicia schimperiana (Hochst. Ex Nees) T. Anderson | Acanthaceae | Sansallii | Shrub | Leaf | Dhukkuba saree ittisuuf | Rabies | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day for three days | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-14 |
| Kalanchoe sp. | Crassulaceae | Bosoqqee | Herb | Root | Abba sangaa, Kintaarotii | Anthrax | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day for seven days | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-52 |
| Lens culinaris Medik. | Fabaceae | Missira | Herb | Seed | Dhibee sharariitii | Spider poisoning | Chewing | One mouthful of paste for one day | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Topical | — |
| Leonotis ocymifolia (Burm.f.) Iwarsson | Lamiaceae | Raaskimmirii | Herb | Leaf | Michii | Febrile illness | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-29 |
| Lepidium sativum L. | Brassicaceae | Feecoo | Herb | Seed | Bokoka, ciniinnaa, maxxantoota keessaa | Bloat, colic, endoparasites infection | Grinding and adding water grinding and adding water | One glass or can for one day one glass or can for one day | Bovine, ovine, caprine bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | — |
| Linum usitatissimum L. | Linaceae | Talbaa | Herb | Seed | Dhoqqeen garaatti goguu, dil'uuture | Constipation, retained placenta | Crushing and adding water Crushing and adding water | One glass or can until recovery One glass or can for one day | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | — |
| Malva verticillata L. | Malvaceae | Xoqonuu/liitii | Herb | Root | dil'uuture | Retained placenta | Crushing and adding water | One can for one day | Bovine | Oral | MB-55 |
| Nicotiana tabacum L. | Solanaceae | Tamboo | Herb | Leaf | Dhulaandhula, dhukkubagaraa, ciniinnaa, bokoka | Leech infestation, abdominal pain, colic, bloat | Crushing and adding water crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until parasite detaches one glass or can for one day | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Nasal and oral | MB-04 |
| Nigella sativa L. | Ranunculaceae | Abasuudagurracha | Herb | Seed | Ciniinnaa | Colic | Grinding and adding water | One glass or can until symptom ceases | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | — |
| Ocimum lamiifolium Hochst. Ex Benth. | Lamiaceae | Daamaakasee | Shrub | Leaf | Michii | Febrile illness | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-28 |
| Ocimum urticifolium Roth | Lamiaceae | Ancabbii | Shrub | Leaf | Michii | Febrile illness | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-32 |
| Phytolacca dodecandra L'Hér. | Phytolaccaceae | Andoodee | Shrub | Root | Dhibee saree, dhulaandhula | Rabies, leech infestation | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral and nasal | MB-03 |
| Rhamnus prinoides L'Hér. | Rhamnaceae | Geeshoo | Shrub | Leaf | Dhibee saree | Rabies | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-05 |
| Ricinus communis L. | Euphorbiaceae | Qobboo | Herb | Leaf | Qabbana | Foot and mouth disease | Crushing and adding water | One can per day until healing | Bovine | Oral | MB-41 |
| Rumex nepalensis Spreng. | Polygonaceae | Tultii | Herb | Root | Ciniinnaa | Colic | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can for one day | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-25 |
| Ruta chalepensis L. | Rutaceae | Ciraakkota | Shrub | Leaf | Michii, dhulaandhula | Febrile illness, leech infestation | Crashing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral and nasal | MB-44 |
| Salvia nilotica Juss. ex Jacq. | Lamiaceae | Bokkolluu | Herb | Leaf | Michii | Febrile illness | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | — |
| Scadoxus multiflorus (Martyn) Raf. | Amaryllidaceae | Caraanaa | Herb | Root | Albaatii | Diarrhea | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until healing | Bovine | Oral | MB-54 |
| Sida ternate L. f. | Malvaceae | Hiddalaaluu | Herb (trailing) | Root | Albaatii | Diarrhea | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | — |
| Solanecio gigas (Vatke) C. Jeffrey | Euphorbiaceae | Bosoqa | Herb | Leaf | Michii | Febrile illness | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-31 |
| Solanum giganteum Jacq. | Solanaceae | Hiddiiongorcaa | Shrub | Fruit | Qufaa | Cough | Roasting | Handful of fruits per day until recovery | Horse | Oral | MB-45 |
| Stephania abyssinica (Quart.-Dill. & A. Rich.) Walp. | Menispermaceae | Kalaalaa | Herb | Leaf | Dhibee saree, madaa | Rabies, wound | Crushing and adding water Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day for three days One glass or can per day until healing | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral and topical | MB-13 |
| Tragia plukenetii Radcl.-Sm. | Euphorbiaceae | Doobbii | Herb | Root | dil'uuture, dhulaandhula | Retained placenta, leech infestation | Crushing and adding water Crushing and adding water | One can for one day One can per day until parasite is removed | Bovine | Oral and nasal | MB-11 |
| Trigonella foenum-graecum L. | Fabaceae | Abishii | Herb | Seed | Rammoogaraa | Endoparasites infection | Grinding and soaking powder in water | One glass or can per day until body condition improved | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | — |
| Vernonia amygdalina Delile | Asteraceae | Eebicha | Shrub | Leaf | Michii, Bokoka, Maxxantoota keessaa | Febrile illness, bloat, endoparasites infection | Crushing and adding water | One glass or can per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | MB-06 |
| Zingiber officinale Roscoe | Zingiberaceae | Zingibila | Herb | Stem (tuber) | Dhibee garaa keessaa, bokoka, | Abdominal pain, bloat | Crushing and adding water | One glass or pan per day until recovery | Bovine, ovine, caprine | Oral | — |