Table 2.

Upper limb prosthetic technology characterisation and recommendation.

S/No	Technology	Type/Classification	Key functions/operations	Cost range	Estimated Prosthetic Production in the UK*	Recommendation
1a	Passive Prosthetic Wrist	N/A	Enable reorientation of terminal device relative to the forearm manually 39	Exact Data not Available	28	N/A
1b	Active Prosthetic Wrist	Body Powered & Myoelectric	Enable reorientation of terminal device relative to the forearm, through cables or motors 39	~$18,000 40		Middle income class
2a	Passive Prosthetic Elbow	N/A	To provide cosmetic improvement - fairly non-functional 41	Exact Data not Available	14	N/A
2b	Active Prosthetic Elbow	Body Powered & Myoelectric	To flex and straighten the arm through a harness or motor 41	$60,000+ 40		High Income class
3a	Passive Prosthetic Shoulder	N/A	To provide cosmetic improvement	Exact Data not Available	70	N/A
3b	Active Prosthetic Shoulder	Body Powered & Myoelectric	Used to provide pain relief and restore mobility to the shoulder joint 42	$61,000+ 40		High income class
4a	Passive Prosthetic Arm	N/A	Cosmetic improvement, can be used for carrying and stabilization 43	$10,000 40	350	Low income class
4b	Active Prosthetic Arm	Body Powered & Myoelectric	Enables opening, closing, rotation with varying strengths and speeds 43	$60,000 - $100,000 40		High Income class
5a	Passive Terminal Devices	N/A	Allows for pushing, pulling and carrying; used for cosmetic purposes mainly 14	Exact Data not Available	854	N/A
5b	Active Terminal Devices	Cable Operated & Myoelectric	Allows for opening and closing of the hand and rotation of the wrist 44	£25,000 - £60,000 per hand 12		Middle income class