Table 2.
Demographic, clinical and MRI characteristics of healthy controls and cognitively preserved and impaired patients.
| MS patients |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC (n = 17) | MS (n = 57) | p | CP (n = 35) | CI (n = 22) | p | |
| Demographic Characteristics | ||||||
| Age (in years)a | 40.5 ± 6.6 | 38.9 ± 8.5 | 0.47 | 36.6 ± 8.1 | 42.5 ± 7.9 | 0.010 |
| Sex (Female / Male) | 12 / 5 | 37 / 20 | 0.66 | 21 / 14 | 16 / 6 | 0.33 |
| Education (in years)b | 16.5 (12.0–18.3) | 13.0 (12.0–17.0) | 0.12 | 13.0 (13.0–17.0) | 13.0 (11.8–17.0) | 0.52 |
| MS Characteristics | ||||||
| Disease duration (in years)b | 6.0 (4.0–10.0) | – | 6.3 (4.0–10.0) | 6.0 (4.8–10.7) | 0.83 | |
| EDSSb | 2.0 (1.5–2.5) | – | 2.0 (1.0–2.0) | 2.0 (2.0–4.0) | 0.025 | |
| MRI Characteristics | ||||||
| T2-lesion volume (mL)b | – | – | 3.16 (1.48 – 6.66) | 8.69 (3.02 – 26.24) | 0.001 | |
| NBV (L)a | 1.53 ± 0.07 | 1.44 ± 0.11 | 0.001 | 1.47 ± 1.00 | 1.40 ± 0.11 | 0.012 |
| NWMV (L)a | 0.71 ± 0.05 | 0.66 ± 0.07 | 0.013 | 0.67 ± 0.06 | 0.65 ± 0.09 | 0.33 |
| NGMV (L)a | 0.82 ± 0.05 | 0.78 ± 0.07 | 0.048 | 0.80 ± 0.06 | 0.75 ± 0.06 | 0.003 |
| Vendor | ||||||
| (GE / Philips / Siemens) | 6 / 5 / 6 | 18 / 18 / 21 | 0.08 | 10 / 11 / 14 | 8 / 7 / 7 | 0.51 |
Abbreviations: CI = cognitively impaired; CP = cognitively preserved; EDSS = Expanded Disability Status Scale; : HC = healthy controls; MS = multiple sclerosis; NBV = normalized brain volume; NWMV = normalized white matter volume; NGMV = normalized grey matter volume; a Data are mean (SD) for normally distributed variables; b Because of non-normal distribution, median and interquartile range are provided; p-values in bold represent significant values.