Table 7.
Summary of results of the general linear regression analysis with cognitive scores as the dependent variablesa.
| Thalamic volumes | Cognitive Impairment Index (CII) |
Verbal memory |
Visual memory |
Attention |
Fluency |
Executive functionb |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B (95%CI) | p-Value | B (95%CI) | p-Value | B (95%CI) | p-Value | B (95%CI) | p-Value | B (95%CI) | p-Value | B (95%CI) | p-Value | |
| Normalization SIENAXc | ||||||||||||
| Manual outlines | ||||||||||||
| Left thalamus | −0.65 (-1.23 – (-0.06)) | 0.032 | −0.06 (-0.08–0.21) | 0.38 | 0.15 (-0.002–0.30) | 0.053 | 0.16 (0.04–0.28) | 0.010 | 0.07 (-0.07–0.22) | 0.31 | 0.19 (-1.44–1.83) | 0.81 |
| Right thalamus | −0.72(-1.32 – (-0.13)) | 0.017 | 0.09 (-0.06–0.23) | 0.22 | 0.17 (0.02–0.32) | 0.032 | 0.18 (0.06–0.30) | 0.004 | 0.11 (-0.03–0.26) | 0.11 | −0.08 (-1.74–1.58) | 0.92 |
| Freesurfer | ||||||||||||
| Left thalamus | −1.26(-2.05 – (-0.47)) | 0.002 | 0.17 (-0.03–0.37) | 0.091 | 0.33 (0.12–0.53) | 0.002 | 0.32 (0.16–0.47) | <0.001 | 0.18 (-0.02–0.38) | 0.076 | −0.45 (-2.74–1.85) | 0.67 |
| Right thalamus | −1.36(-2.18 – (-0.53)) | 0.002 | 0.11 (-0.10–0.32) | 0.29 | 0.40 (0.20–0.60) | <0.001 | 0.33 (0.16–0.49) | <0.001 | 0.19 (-0.02–0.40) | 0.070 | 0.63 (-1.76–3.03) | 0.60 |
| FSL-first | ||||||||||||
| Left thalamus | −1.05 (-1.87 – (-0.23)) | 0.013 | 0.09 (-0.12–0.29) | 0.40 | 0.32 (0.12–0.53) | 0.003 | 0.31 (0.15–0.47) | <0.001 | 0.15 (-0.06–0.35) | 0.16 | 1.36 (-0.91–3.63) | 0.23 |
| Right thalamus | −0.93(-1.81 – (-0.05)) | 0.039 | 0.05 (-0.17–0.26) | 0.67 | 0.34 (0.12–0.55) | 0.003 | 0.30 (0.13–0.47) | 0.001 | 0.15 (-0.06–0.37) | 0.15 | 1.22 (-1.18–3.62) | 0.31 |
| CAT12 | ||||||||||||
| Left thalamus | −1.06 (-1.63 – (-0.49)) | <0.001 | 0.07 (-0.08–0.22) | 0.34 | 0.25 (0.10–0.39) | 0.002 | 0.26 (0.14–0.37) | <0.001 | 0.13 (-0.01–0.28) | 0.072 | 1.58 (-0.05–3.22) | 0.57 |
| Right thalamus | −1.12(-1.71 – (-0.53)) | <0.001 | 0.08 (-0.07–0.24) | 0.29 | 0.27 (0.12–0.43) | 0.001 | 0.27 (0.16–0.39) | <0.001 | 0.16 (0.004–0.31) | 0.044 | 1.74 (-1.74–1.58) | 0.045 |
| GIF | ||||||||||||
| Left thalamus | −1.45(-2.67 – (-0.23)) | 0.021 | 0.17 (-0.13–0.47) | 0.26 | 0.40 (0.10–0.71) | 0.010 | 0.48 (0.24–0.71) | <0.001 | 0.27 (-0.03–0.57) | 0.074 | 0.26 (-3.16–3.67) | 0.88 |
| Right thalamus | −1.36(-2.61 – (-0.11)) | 0.033 | 0.14 (-0.17–0.44) | 0.38 | 0.39 (0.07–0.70) | 0.016 | 0.45 (0.21–0.70) | <0.001 | 0.30 (0.0004–0.60) | 0.050 | 0.40 (-3.06–3.86) | 0.82 |
| VolBrain | ||||||||||||
| Left thalamus | −1.22 (-1.98 – (-0.46)) | 0.002 | 0.12 (-0.07–0.32) | 0.20 | 0.35 (0.16–0.54) | <0.001 | 0.34 (0.19–0.49) | <0.001 | 0.15 (-0.04–0.34) | 0.13 | 1.27 (-0.90–3.45) | 0.25 |
| Right thalamus | −1.30(-2.10 – (-0.51)) | 0.002 | 0.12 (-0.08–0.32) | 0.24 | 0.37 (0.17–0.57) | <0.001 | 0.34 (0.19–0.50) | <0.001 | 0.17 (-0.03–0.37) | 0.10 | 1.63 (-0.62–3.88) | 0.15 |
| Fraction of eTIV FreeSurferd | ||||||||||||
| FreeSurfer | ||||||||||||
| Left thalamus | −2.51(-4.13 – (-0.89)) | 0.003 | 0.45 (-0.03–0.37) | 0.03 | 0.59 (0.16–1.03) | 0.009 | 0.65 (0.34–0.96) | <0.001 | 0.10 (-0.32–0.52) | 0.63 | 1.03 (-3.67–5.73) | 0.66 |
| Right thalamus | −2.58(-4.24 – (-0.93)) | 0.003 | 0.30 (-0.12–0.71) | 0.16 | 0.73 (0.32–1.14) | 0.001 | 0.65 (0.32–0.97) | <0.001 | 0.11 (-0.32–0.53) | 0.62 | 3.03 (-1.69–7.75) | 0.20 |
Abbreviations: B = unstandardized regression coefficient; CI = confidence interval; a All regression analysis were corrected for center and age; b WCST number of perseverative errors; c Thalamic volumes were multiplied by the head-normalization factor derived from SIENAX; d Thalamic volumes were divided by the estimated total intracranial volume (eTIV) from FreeSurfer; p-values in bold represent significant values.