Fig. 2.

Electrical microenvironment regulates phenotypic changes in high glucose induced macrophages. (a, d and e) Representative SEM images and quantitative analysis of cell area and spindle cell ratio of macrophages cultured with different conditions. (b, f) Representative immunofluorescence images and quantitative analysis of iNOS (green) and cell nuclei (DAPI, blue) in macrophages cultured for 24h. (c, g) Flow cytometry and quantitative analysis of cell surface markers CD11c and CCR7 under different conditions. (h, i) The mRNA expression levels and secretion of representative cytokine genes in LPS-stimulated macrophage cultured on various different materials. *denotes significantly different from the UP-NG group, # denotes significantly different from the UP-HG group (n ≥ 3).