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. 2020 Mar 9;35(1):130–142. doi: 10.1038/s41375-020-0791-3

Table 2.

Baseline of clinical features and distribution of risk groups. According to different prognostic models for all patients and early-stage patients in the validation cohort.

Characteristic All Early stage
No. (%) No. (%)
Total number 1582 (100) 1367 (86.4)
Sex
 Male 1110 (70.2) 956 (69.9)
 Female 472 (29.8) 411 (30.1)
Age (years)
 ≤60 1336 (84.5) 1149 (84.1)
 >60 246 (15.5) 218 (15.9)
Primary site
 UADT (nasal) 1464 (92.5) 1325 (96.9)
 Extra-UADT (nonnasal) 118 (7.5) 42 (3.1)
Regional lymph nodes
 Yes 604 (38.2) 477 (34.9)
 No 978 (61.8) 890 (65.1)
Distant lymph nodes
 Yes 91 (5.8) NA
 No 1491 (94.2) 1367 (100)
PTI
 Yes 873 (55.2) 732 (53.5)
 No 709 (44.8) 635 (46.5)
B symptoms
 Yes 628 (39.7) 516 (37.7)
 No 954 (60.3) 851 (62.3)
Elevated LDH
 Yes 418 (26.4) 308 (22.5)
 No 1164 (73.6) 1059 (77.5)
ECOG score
 0–1 1479 (93.5) 1314 (96.1)
 ≥2 103 (6.5) 53 (3.9)
Distant extranodal organs
 0 1417 (89.6) 1367 (100)
 1 111 (7.0) NA
 ≥2 54 (3.4) NA
Ann Arbor stage
 I 890 (56.3) 890 (56.3)
 II 477 (30.2) 477 (30.2)
 III 50 (3.2) NA
 IV 165 (10.4) NA
IPI
 Low (0–1) 1354 (85.6) 1289 (94.3)
 Intermediate low (2) 145 (9.2) 69 (5.0)
 Intermediate high (3) 65 (4.1) 9 (0.7)
 High (≥4) 18 (1.1) 0 (0)
KPI
 Group 1 (0) 490 (31.0) 490 (35.8)
 Group 2 (1) 563 (35.6) 532 (38.9)
 Group 3 (2) 330 (20.8) 266 (19.5)
 Group 4 (≥3) 199 (12.6) 79 (5.8)
PINK
 Low risk (0) 1088 (68.8) 1088 (79.6)
 Intermediate risk (1) 334 (21.1) 260 (19.0)
 High risk (≥2) 160 (10.1) 19 (1.4)
NRI
 Low risk (0) 352 (22.3) 352 (25.7)
 Intermediate low risk (1) 447 (28.3) 447 (32.7)
 Intermediate high risk (2) 423 (26.7) 395 (28.9)
 High risk (3)a 223 (14.1) 173 (12.7)
 Very high risk (≥4) 137 (8.7) NA

UADT upper aerodigestive tract, PTI primary tumor invasion, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, ECOG Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, NA not available, IPI International Prognostic Index, KPI Korean Prognostic Index, PINK prognostic index of natural killer lymphoma, NRI Nomogram-revised risk index.

aHigh-risk group was defined as NRI ≥ 3 for early-stage patients.