Table 1.

Small-area Housing Environment Deterioration (SHED index) as used in the validation study.

Item	Question	Categories
conditions of windows/glass	Is there any damage to windows or other glass?	☐no visible damage ☐minor cosmetic damage ☐minor structural damage ☐major structural damage
conditions of walls/roof	Is there any damage to walls or roof?	☐no visible damage ☐minor cosmetic damage ☐minor structural damage ☐major structural damage
garbage accumulation	Is there any garbage accumulation inside or outside the house?	☐no garbage accumulation ☐minor garbage accumulation ☐serious garbage accumulation
graffiti situation	Is there any graffiti on the walls inside or outside the house?	☐no graffiti ☐minor areas covered in graffiti ☐almost all walls covered in graffiti
outside spaces	Is the space outside the house, including gardens, well-kept?	☐gardens and outside spaces well-kept ☐some of garden and outside space overgrown and badly kept ☐almost all of garden and outside space overgrown and badly kept
overall living environment	How would you rate the overall living environment?	☐very clean and well-kept ☐some areas dirty and badly kept ☐almost all areas dirty and badly kept