Table 2.

Inter-rater reliability (reliability between raters).

Small-area housing environment deterioration	Percent agreement	Fleiss' Kappa	PABAK	Correlation of items 1–5 with item 6	Internal consistency, as measured with Cronbach's alpha
Item 1: conditions of windows/glass	0.95	0.72*** (0.44–1.00)	0.83*** (0.70–0.97)		0,88
Item 2: conditions of walls/roof	0.89	0.61*** (0.37–0.84)	0.66*** (0.53–0.78)		0,89
Item 3: garbage accumulation	0.90	0.67*** (0.46–0.89)	0.74*** (0.60–0.88)		0,85
Item 4: graffiti situation	0.97	0.87*** (0.76–0.98)	0.93*** (0.84–1.00)		0,84
Item 5: outside spaces	0.88	0.44*** (0.20–0.69)	0.69*** (0.53–0.84)		0,85
Item 6: overall living environment	0.90	0.69*** (0.48–090)	0.73*** (0.60–0.85)	0,85	0,82
SHED index	0,98	0,86*** (0.78–0.94)	0,87*** (0.82–0.91)		0,80

Confidence intervals clipped at the upper limit.

*** p-value <0.005 **p-value <0.05