Table 1.
Select recombinant protein vaccine candidates in clinical trials for COVID-19 as of December 8, 2020 [5]
| Antigen | Vaccine developer | Platform/technology | Adjuvants | Most advanced clinical stage | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full-length S-protein based vaccines | |||||
| Trimer | Novavax | Insect cells | Matrix M | Phase 3 | [[6], [7], [8]] |
| S-protein | Sanofi Pasteur/GSK | Insect cells | 2 different adjuvants (likely variants of AS03) | Phase 1 (to be repeated) | [9] |
| SCB-2019 trimer | Clover Biopharmaceuticals Inc./GSK/Dynavax | CHO cells | Alum+CpG 1018 or AS03 | Phase 1 | [10,11] |
| S-2P (MVC-COV1901) | Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corporation/NIAID/Dynavax | CHO cells | Alum+CpG1018 | Phase 1 | [12,13] |
| Covax-19 | Vaxine Pty Ltd/Medytox | Insect cells | AdvaxCpG55.2 | Phase 1 | [14,15] |
| RBD-based vaccines | |||||
| AdimrSC-2f | Adimmune | Baculovirus/Sf9 | Alum | Phase 1 | [16] |
| SARS-CoV-2-RBDN1C1 | Biological E/BCM | Yeast | Alum+CpG | Phase 1-2 | [[17], [18], [19]] |
| FINLAY-FR-1/2 | Instituto Finlay de Vacunas, Cuba | Phase 1 | [20,21] | ||
| KBP-201 | Kentucky Bioprocessing, Inc | Plants | Phase 1-2 | [22] | |
| RBD Dimer | Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical/Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences | CHO Cells | Aluminum preparation | Phase 3 | [23,24] |
| RBD | West China Hospital, Sichuan University P | Insect Cells | Alum | Phase 2 | [[25], [26], [27]] |
| Multi-epitope vaccines | |||||
| Multitope Peptide-based Vaccine (MPV) | COVAXX | Peptides | CpG and alum (AdjuPhos®) | Phase 1 | [28,29] |
| EpiVacCoron | Vektor Laboratories, Russia | Chemical synthesis | Alum | Phase 1 | [30] |
| CoVac-1 | University Hospital Tübingen | Peptides | Montanide ISA51 | Phase 1 | [31,32] |