Table 1.
List of references by exercise modalities and existence/absence of significant results
| Variable | AE only | RE only | Combination of AE and RE | Lifestyle intervention | Studies that showed significant improvement | Studies that showed no significant change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| In vivo insulin sensitivity | (23-25, 27-29, 31, 32) | (28, 30-34) | (28, 30, 53) | (26) | (23-28, 31-34) | (29-31, 34, 53) |
| HOMA-IR | (27, 36-41, 42, 44, 45, 47, 49, 54, 57, 58) | (30, 38, 52, 53) | (30, 46-49, 54) | (26, 50, 51, 60) | (26, 27, 36, 37, 39-42, 45-51, 54) | (30, 38, 44, 52, 53, 57, 58, 60) |
| Fasting Insulin | (23-25, 27, 31, 32, 36-44, 47, 49, 54-58) | (30-34, 38, 52, 53) | (30, 46-49, 54) | (26, 50, 51, 59, 60) | (23, 25-27, 36, 37, 39-44, 46-51, 54) | (24, 30-34, 38, 52, 53, 55-60) |
| VAT | (25, 29, 31, 32, 42, 47, 49, 54, 55, 57, 67, 68, 70) | (31, 32, 34, 70) | (47-49, 54, 70) | (50, 69) | (25, 31, 32, 42, 47-50, 54, 55, 67-69) | (29, 34, 57, 70) |
| Adiponectin | (23, 36, 40, 47, 49, 54, 57, 58) | (34) | (47, 49, 54) | (36, 47, 49, 54) | (23, 34, 40, 57, 58) | |
| leptin | (23, 38, 40, 43, 47) | (34) | (38, 47) | (60) | (38, 40, 43, 47, 60) | (23, 34) |
| Insulinogenic index | (27, 73) | (73) | (27) | (73) | ||
| Insulin-AUC | (25, 27, 31, 57, 73) | (31, 73) | (26) | (25-27, 57, 73) | (31) | |
| DI | (27, 32) | (30, 32, 33, 53) | (30) | (26, 59) | (27) | (26, 30, 32, 33, 53, 59) |
| AIR | (30, 33, 53) | (30) | (59) | (30, 33, 53, 59) |
AE, aerobic exercise; RE, resistance exercise; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; VAT, visceral adipose tissue; AUC, area under the curve; DI, disposition index; AIR, acute insulin release.
References recommended by authors indicated in bold.