Table 13.
CSA & fat content of lumbar muscles at L1–L2 disc level of lumbar spine according to neurological status in terms of complete and incomplete injury (n=51)
| Duration | CSA (cm2) of lumbar muscles (initially) | Severity of initial injury |
Intergroup comparisons | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complete SCI (ASIA grade A) (n=10) | Incomplete SCI (ASIA grade B, C, D) (n=39) | No deficit (ASIA grade E) (n=2) | p-valea) | ||||
| Initial | Multifidus | Left | 4.67±0.42 | 4.52±0.46 | 4.40±0.28 | 0.655 | Insignificant |
| Right | 4.38±0.41 | 4.30±0.43 | 4.65±0.35 | 0.411 | Insignificant | ||
| Erector spinae | Left | 10.36±0.86 | 9.64±0.47 | 9.60±0.00 | 0.245 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 9.82±0.71 | 9.65±0.48 | 9.85±0.35 | 0.500 | Insignificant | ||
| Ilio-psoas | Left | 6.63±0.44 | 6.65±0.39 | 6.70±0.00 | 0.279 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 6.34±0.50 | 6.539±0.32 | 6.55±0.50 | 0.679 | Insignificant | ||
| Quadratus lumborum | Left | 4.81±0.23 | 4.97±0.30 | 4.65±0.07 | 0.205 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 4.46±0.38 | 4.80±0.31 | 4.90±0.28 | 0.261 | Insignificant | ||
| Rectus abdominis | Left | 4.95±0.43 | 4.92±0.37 | 5.10±0.00 | 0.117 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 5.35±0.18 | 5.36±0.41 | 5.90±0.00 | 0.145 | Insignificant | ||
| Obliques | Left | 21.44±3.27 | 22.21±2.79 | 22.50±1.70 | 0.377 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 23.17±3.08 | 22.57±2.81 | 22.92±3.00 | 0.851 | Insignificant | ||
| 3 mo | Multifidus | Left | 3.99±0.18 | 4.10±0.29 | 3.95±0.35 | 0.256 | Insignificant |
| Right | 3.87±0.23 | 3.90±0.43 | 3.95±0.21 | 0.816 | Insignificant | ||
| Erector spinae | Left | 8.98±1.15 | 9.33±0.68 | 9.50±0.00 | 0.519 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 9.34±0.55 | 9.24±0.64 | 9.45±0.21 | 0.036 | A-B=0.031 | ||
| Ilio-psoas | Left | 6.49±1.12 | 6.75±0.90 | 6.95±0.78 | 0.903 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 5.98±0.55 | 6.16±0.32 | 6.20±0.28 | 0.993 | Insignificant | ||
| Quadratus lumborum | Left | 4.66±0.34 | 4.74±0.46 | 4.10±0.57 | 0.347 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 4.81±0.43 | 4.36±0.43 | 4.40±0.42 | 0.042 | A-B=0.039 | ||
| Rectus abdominis | Left | 4.72±0.55 | 4.53±0.42 | 4.50±0.00 | 0.040 | B-C=0.035 | |
| Right | 5.03±0.16 | 5.09±0.29 | 4.85±0.07 | 0.033 | A-C=0.034 | ||
| Obliques | Left | 19.18±2.61 | 19.49±3.06 | 22.50±0.14 | 0.796 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 19.80±2.37 | 18.63±2.71 | 18.90±9.19 | 0.320 | Insignificant | ||
| 6 mo | Multifidus | Left | 4.22±0.21 | 4.41±0.58 | 4.15±0.07 | 0.559 | Insignificant |
| Right | 4.02±0.77 | 4.06±0.51 | 4.10±0.14 | 0.259 | Insignificant | ||
| Erector spinae | Left | 9.16±0.65 | 9.44±0.44 | 9.60±0.00 | 0.898 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 9.44±0.56 | 9.73±0.82 | 9.25±0.78 | 0.346 | Insignificant | ||
| Ilio-psoas | Left | 6.45±0.30 | 6.59±0.38 | 6.70±0.14 | 0.002 | B-C=0.002, A-C=0.002 | |
| Right | 5.85±0.54 | 6.27±0.44 | 6.25±0.50 | 0.880 | Insignificant | ||
| Quadratus lumborum | Left | 4.33±0.56 | 4.78±0.29 | 4.45±0.07 | 0.233 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 4.41±0.38 | 4.57±0.32 | 4.60±0.28 | 0.553 | Insignificant | ||
| Rectus abdominis | Left | 4.81±0.40 | 4.65±0.48 | 4.85±0.78 | 0.020 | B-C=0.017, A-C=0.031 | |
| Right | 5.13±0.16 | 5.16±0.36 | 5.50±0.00 | 0.227 | Insignificant | ||
| Obliques | Left | 20.66±2.52 | 19.90±3.73 | 21.50±2.26 | 0.481 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 21.00±2.56 | 21.03±2.43 | 24.65±0.50 | 0.288 | Insignificant | ||
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. A-B means complete SCI versus incomplete SCI; B-C means incomplete SCI versus no deficit; A-C means complete SCI versus no deficit. Intergroup comparisons are all significant except below mentioned.
CSA, cross-sectional area; SCI, spinal cord injury; ASIA, American Spinal Injury Association.
a)
By one way analysis of variance test.