Table 16.
CSA & fat content of lumbar muscles at L4–L5 disc level of spinal cord initially according to initial neurological status in terms of complete and incomplete injury (n=51)
| Duration | CSA (cm2) of lumbar muscles | Severity of initial injury |
Intergroup comparison | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complete SCI (ASIA grade A) (n=10) | Incomplete SCI (ASIA grade B, C, D) (n=39) | No deficit (ASIA grade E) (n=2) | p-valuea) | ||||
| Initial | Multifidus | Left | 8.31±0.66 | 7.12±1.38 | 9.35±1.34 | 0.130 | Insignificant |
| Right | 7.31±0.84 | 7.00±1.50 | 8.70±1.27 | 0.690 | Insignificant | ||
| Erector spinae | Left | 10.36±0.86 | 9.66±0.48 | 9.60±0.00 | 0.250 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 9.82±0.71 | 9.69±0.49 | 9.85±0.35 | 0.470 | Insignificant | ||
| Ilio-psoas | Left | 6.63±0.44 | 6.65±0.39 | 6.70±0.00 | 0.287 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 6.34±0.50 | 6.59±0.31 | 6.55±0.50 | 0.465 | Insignificant | ||
| Quadratus lumborum | Left | 4.81±0.29 | 4.98±0.30 | 4.65±0.07 | 0.192 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 4.50±0.39 | 4.81±0.30 | 4.90±0.28 | 0.260 | Insignificant | ||
| Rectus abdominis | Left | 5.05±0.38 | 4.92±0.38 | 5.10±0.00 | 0.129 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 5.35±0.18 | 5.35±0.42 | 5.90±0.00 | 0.179 | Insignificant | ||
| Obliques | Left | 21.47±3.30 | 22.40± 2.81 | 22.50±1.70 | 0.496 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 22.66±1.22 | 23.26±2.81 | 24.80±4.95 | 0.258 | Insignificant | ||
| 3 mo | Multifidus | Left | 6.40±0.37 | 5.92±1.17 | 8.05±1.63 | 0.251 | Insignificant |
| Right | 6.50±0.37 | 6.20±1.38 | 7.50±1.70 | 0.538 | Insignificant | ||
| Erector spinae | Left | 9.44±0.47 | 9.22±0.58 | 9.50±0.00 | 0.434 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 9.29±0.57 | 9.32±0.50 | 9.45±0.21 | 0.525 | Insignificant | ||
| Ilio-psoas | Left | 6.52±0.72 | 6.43±0.58 | 6.95±0.78 | 0.214 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 5.97±0.55 | 6.14±0.31 | 6.20±0.28 | 0.691 | Insignificant | ||
| Quadratus lumborum | Left | 4.49±0.33 | 4.71±0.46 | 4.10±0.57 | 0.147 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 4.93±0.32 | 4.37±0.42 | 4.40±0.42 | 0.062 | Insignificant | ||
| Rectus abdominis | Left | 4.72±0.55 | 4.48±0.42 | 4.50±0.00 | 0.051 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 5.03±0.16 | 5.06±0.33 | 4.85±0.07 | 0.021 | Insignificant | ||
| Obliques | Left | 19.68±2.72 | 19.20±2.69 | 22.85±2.19 | 0.913 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 19.50±2.32 | 19.86±4.09 | 13.35±5.73 | 0.485 | Insignificant | ||
| 6 mo | Multifidus | Left | 8.47±0.69 | 6.97±1.38 | 9.05±0.64 | 0.042 | Insignificant |
| Right | 8.40±0.73 | 6.61±1.34 | 7.60±1.41 | 0.084 | Insignificant | ||
| Erector spinae | Left | 9.16±0.65 | 9.43±0.47 | 9.60±0.00 | 0.707 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 9.42±0.57 | 9.53±0.50 | 9.25±0.78 | 0.599 | Insignificant | ||
| Ilio-psoas | Left | 6.51±0.33 | 6.60±0.40 | 6.70±0.00 | 0.005 | B-C=0.006, A-C=0.004 | |
| Right | 5.97±0.53 | 6.26±0.32 | 6.25±0.50 | 0.487 | Insignificant | ||
| Quadratus lumborum | Left | 4.25±0.60 | 4.78±0.29 | 4.45±0.07 | 0.214 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 4.36±0.41 | 4.56±0.31 | 4.60±0.28 | 0.599 | Insignificant | ||
| Rectus abdominis | Left | 4.81±0.40 | 4.63±0.48 | 4.85±0.78 | 0.020 | B-C=0.016, A-C=0.044 | |
| Right | 5.13±0.16 | 5.16±0.37 | 5.50±0.00 | 0.139 | Insignificant | ||
| Obliques | Left | 20.01±3.27 | 19.86±3.66 | 21.50±2.26 | 0.297 | Insignificant | |
| Right | 20.50±1.96 | 21.29±2.82 | 24.65±0.50 | 0.274 | Insignificant | ||
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. A-B means complete SCI versus incomplete SCI; B-C means incomplete SCI versus no deficit; A-C means complete SCI versus no deficit.
CSA, cross-sectional area; SCI, spinal cord injury; ASIA, American Spinal Injury Association.
a)
By one way analysis of variance test.