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Grading of vertebral artery injury bases on angiographic appearance
| Grade | Features |
|---|---|
| I | Dissection hematoma with < 25% lumen stenosis |
| II | Intravascular thrombus or dissection with > 25% lumen narrowing |
| III | Pseudoaneurysm |
| IV | Vessel occlusion |
| V | Vessel transection or major arteriovenous fistula |
