Table 2.
Difference in physical and cognitive function between the groups
| n | Mild hyponatremia group | n | Normonatremia group | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sarcopenia, n (%) | 52 | 34 (65.4) | 2110 | 928 (44.0) | 0.002 |
| SMI, kg/m2 | 51 | 6.4 (5.7–6.9) | 2418 | 6.4 (5.7–7.2) | 0.5 |
| Physical function tests | |||||
| Grip strength, kg | 48 | 17.7 (12.9–22.2) | 1972 | 19.7 (15.2–25.0) | 0.04 |
| Walking speed, m/s | 17 | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 704 | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | < 0.001 |
| One-leg standing time, s | 54 | 5.0 (2.6–13.1) | 2546 | 8.6 (3.7–21.9) | 0.008 |
| Neuropsychological tests | |||||
| MMSE | 75 | 20.0 (17.0–25.0) | 2901 | 21.0 (17.0–25.0) | 0.4 |
| FAB | 34 | 9.0 (7.0–12.0) | 1732 | 10.0 (8.0–12.0) | 0.6 |
| Digit Span forward | 38 | 5.0 (5.0–6.0) | 1775 | 5.0 (4.8–6.0) | 0.9 |
| Digit Span backward | 38 | 3.0 (3.0–4.0) | 1761 | 3.0 (3.0–4.0) | 0.8 |
| Category fluency | 75 | 8.0 (6.0–10.0) | 2899 | 8.0 (5.0–10.0) | 0.3 |
| Logical memory II | 37 | 3.0 (3.0–12.0) | 1780 | 3.0 (3.0–11.0) | 0.3 |
| GDS-15 | 72 | 4.0 (2.0–6.0) | 2893 | 5.0 (3.0–8.0) | 0.002 |
Values are median (interquartile range) or number (percentage). Differences were assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables or the Chi-squared test for categorical variables
Abbreviations: FAB Frontal Assessment Battery, GDS-15 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale, MMSE Mini-Mental state examination, SMI Skeletal muscle mass index