Table 6.

Age-specific absolute normal reference ranges of mitral and tricuspid valve annulus measurements in Caucasian men

Male reference ranges detailing mean, lower reference limit and upper reference limit by age group. Reference limits are derived by the upper and lower bounds of the 95% prediction interval for each parameter at each age group. All measurements are reported in cm (areas in cm²), except for ratios and angles

2C, two-chamber; 3C, three-chamber; 4C, four-chamber; AML, anterior mitral leaflet; BSA, body surface area; MA, mitral annulus; MV, mitral valve; PML, posterior mitral leaflet; TA, tricuspid annulus; TV, tricuspid valve