Table 4.

Estimates corrected for heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation

Log (GMR)	(1) Non-Robust SE	(2) Robust SE	(3) FGLS	(4) Prais-Winsten
Log (GDP per capita)	− 0.191***	− 0.191*	0.305***	0.203***
	(0.0506)	(0.0959)	(0.0204)	(0.0658)
Years of schooling (mean)	−0.0426***	−0.0426	− 0.0574***	− 0.0479***
	(0.0128)	(0.0267)	(0.00572)	(0.0185)
Urbanization (%)	−0.00915**	−0.00915	− 0.0270***	−0.0252***
	(0.00435)	(0.00968)	(0.000435)	(0.00218)
PM2.5 (concentration)	0.00346**	0.00346**	0.0117***	0.00869***
	(0.00149)	(0.00143)	(0.000315)	(0.00114)
Constant	6.266***	6.266***	2.493***	3.324***
	(0.428)	(0.680)	(0.135)	(0.480)
Observations	224	224	224	224
AIC	−784.44	− 786.44
Number of Countriesa	28	28	28	28

Note: *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1

^aGDP value not available for North Korea