Table 2.
ICU patient characteristics and outcomes
| 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 63 (50–75) | 62 (50–75) | 63 (50–75) | 62 (50–75) | 62 (50–75) | 62 (51–75) | 63 (51–74) | 63 (52–75) | 63 (52–74) | 64 (52–74) | 63 (52–73) |
| Age ≥ 80 years (%) | 14.3 | 13.3 | 14.5 | 14.7 | 14.2 | 14.5 | 14.1 | 15.3 | 15 | 15 | 13.2 |
| Male gender (%) | 61.8 | 61.8 | 61.2 | 61.4 | 60.5 | 61.4 | 62.0 | 61.9 | 61.7 | 61.9 | 60.4 |
| Comorbidity (%) | 13.3 | 14.5 | 13.5 | 12.4 | 15.9 | 13.7 | 15.1 | 15.7 | 15.6 | 16.1 | 17.4 |
| Admission type | |||||||||||
| Elective surgery (%) | 23.0 | 21.4 | 20.3 | 21.9 | 24.3 | 24.5 | 24.8 | 23.1 | 22.7 | 21.6 | 22.0 |
| Emergency surgery (%) | 21.2 | 21.3 | 22.9 | 24.4 | 21.8 | 21.5 | 22.3 | 21.7 | 20.5 | 20.9 | 20.9 |
| Medical (%) | 55.8 | 57.3 | 56.9 | 53.7 | 53.9 | 54.0 | 52.9 | 55.2 | 56.8 | 57.5 | 57.1 |
| APACHE IV APS | 51 (33–76) | 51 (33–76) | 50 (34–74) | 49 (32–73) | 49 (32–73) | 49 (32–75) | 49 (32–75) | 49 (32–74) | 49 (32–74) | 49 (32–72) | 48 (32–71) |
| APACHE IV | 64 (43–89) | 63 (43–89) | 63 (43–87) | 61 (42–86) | 62 (42–87) | 61 (42–88) | 61 (42–87) | 62 (42–88) | 62 (43–88) | 61 (43–85) | 61 (43–84) |
| Mechanical ventilation (%) | 55.1 | 56.2 | 56.5 | 55.1 | 53.9 | 54.8 | 53.4 | 54.0 | 51.8 | 51.6 | 53.3 |
| Vasopressor (%) | 12.1 | 12.1 | 11.7 | 12.3 | 13.1 | 14.7 | 16.4 | 24.0 | 23.4 | 27.1 | 30.9 |
| Renal replacement therapy (%) | 9.6 | 11.6 | 13.2 | 12.1 | 11.5 | 11.8 | 12.8 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 14.1 | 13.2 |
| ICU LOS (days) | 2.0 (1–4.4) | 1.9 (1.0–4.1) | 2.0 (1.0–4.5) | 1.9 (1.0–4.2) | 2.0 (1.0–4.5) | 2.0 (1.0–4.6) | 2.0 (1.0–4.6) | 2.0 (1.0–4.7) | 2.0 (1.0–4.5) | 2.0 (1.0–4.4) | 2.0 (1.0–4.2) |
| Predicted ICU LOS (days) | 4.9 (3.1–6.6) | 4.9 (3.2–6.6) | 4.9 (3.2–6.7) | 4.8 (3.2–6.6) | 4.7 (3.1–6.6) | 4.7 (3.1–6.6) | 4.7 (3.0–6.6) | 4.7 (3.1–6.7) | 4.7 (3.0–6.7) | 4.7 (3.0–6.7) | 4.7 (3.0–6.6) |
| Hospital LOS (days) | 12.2 (6.8–24.4) | 12.1 (6.5–24.1) | 11.9 (6.5–24.0) | 12.1 (6.7–24.1) | 12.2 (6.8–24.2) | 12.4 (6.8–24.1) | 13.0 (7.0–25.6) | 12.5 (6.8–25.8) | 12.8 (6.9–25.8) | 13.2 (6.9–27.0) | 13.0 (7.1–26.2) |
| ICU mortality (%) | 12.5 | 12.1 | 12.0 | 11.0 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 8.5 |
| Hospital mortality (%) | 19.7 | 19.5 | 18.8 | 16.9 | 17.0 | 17.6 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 15.7 | 15.8 | 14.3 |
| APACHE IV predicted mortality (%) | 24.3 | 24.5 | 23.6 | 22.7 | 23.4 | 23.6 | 23.2 | 23.6 | 23.5 | 22.5 | 21.9 |
| SMR | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.74 | 0.73 | 0.74 | 0.72 | 0.71 | 0.67 | 0.70 | 0.65 |
| Readmission rate (%) | 5.69 | 5.76 | 5.48 | 5.14 | 4.65 | 4.87 | 4.92 | 5.54 | 4.96 | 5.45 | 5.69 |
All values in median (IQR) unless otherwise specified. Comorbidity is calculated by having any of the chronic illnesses diagnosis in APACHE IV score. APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, APS Acute Physiology Score, LOS length of stay, SMR standardised mortality ratio