Table 1.
Unadjusted associations of QoL in White women
| White | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk Factor | lowQOL, N = 461 | midQOL, N = 1421 | highQOL, N = 2391 | p-value2 |
| Age Group | ||||
| 45–49 | 27 (59%) | 93 (65%) | 154 (64%) | 0.7 |
| 50–54 | 19 (41%) | 49 (35%) | 85 (36%) | |
| Education Level | ||||
| Graduated college | 26 (57%) | 101 (71%) | 190 (79%) | 0.003 |
| Did not graduate college | 20 (43%) | 41 (29%) | 49 (21%) | |
| Income Level | ||||
| High Income | 16 (35%) | 97 (68%) | 190 (79%) | < 0.001 |
| Low Income | 9 (20%) | 8 (5.6%) | 10 (4.2%) | |
| Middle Income | 21 (46%) | 37 (26%) | 39 (16%) | |
| BMI Status | ||||
| obese BMI of 30 or greater | 16 (35%) | 37 (26%) | 40 (17%) | 0.003 |
| overweight BMI of 25–29.9 | 8 (17%) | 44 (31%) | 56 (23%) | |
| normal BMI of 18.5–24.9 | 22 (48%) | 61 (43%) | 143 (60%) | |
| Marital Status | ||||
| Married | 25 (54%) | 101 (71%) | 188 (79%) | 0.002 |
| Single | 11 (24%) | 20 (14%) | 16 (6.7%) | |
| Widowed/Divorced/Separated | 10 (22%) | 21 (15%) | 35 (15%) | |
| Smoking Status | ||||
| Current | 9 (20%) | 14 (9.9%) | 17 (7.1%) | 0.039 |
| Former/Never | 37 (80%) | 128 (90%) | 222 (93%) | |
| Drinker | 37 (80%) | 112 (79%) | 210 (88%) | 0.053 |
| Employment Status | ||||
| Employed | 32 (70%) | 117 (82%) | 198 (83%) | 0.10 |
| Unemployed | 14 (30%) | 25 (18%) | 41 (17%) | |
| Menopausal Status | ||||
| Peri-menopause | 21 (46%) | 64 (45%) | 85 (36%) | 0.13 |
| Pre-menopause | 25 (54%) | 78 (55%) | 154 (64%) | |
| Experienced Hot flashes | ||||
| Yes | 23 (50%) | 68 (48%) | 93 (39%) | 0.14 |
| No/Don’t Know | 23 (50%) | 74 (52%) | 146 (61%) | |
| No. of Comorbidities | ||||
| 0–2 | 16 (35%) | 66 (46%) | 122 (51%) | 0.061 |
| 3–4 | 15 (33%) | 44 (31%) | 80 (33%) | |
| 5 or more | 15 (33%) | 32 (23%) | 37 (15%) | |
| CES-D > =16 | 31 (67%) | 47 (33%) | 18 (7.5%) | < 0.001 |
| Hormone Replacement Therapy Use | 2 (4.3%) | 1 (0.7%) | 6 (2.5%) | 0.2 |
| Ever Pregnant | 35 (76%) | 128 (90%) | 208 (87%) | 0.049 |
| Sleep Disturbances | ||||
| > 5 times per month | 12 (26%) | 14 (9.9%) | 27 (11%) | < 0.001 |
| 0–4/mon | 17 (37%) | 92 (65%) | 166 (69%) | |
| 2–4 times per month | 17 (37%) | 36 (25%) | 46 (19%) | |
| Sexually Active | 32 (70%) | 114 (80%) | 215 (90%) | < 0.001 |
1Statistics presented: n (%)
2Statistical tests performed: chi-square test of independence; Fisher’s exact test