Table 3.
IRX-related effects on various immune cell subpopulations within stromal and tumor tissue compartments
| Summary statistics | Unadjusted1 | Adjusted2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-IRX, mean density (SD)* (count/pixel) | Post-IRX, mean density (SD)* (count/pixel) | Fold change of mean density (95% CI) | p value | Fold change of mean density (95% CI) | p value | |
| Stroma | ||||||
| Any PD-L1 | ||||||
| T cell (any type) | 0.85 (0.63) | 1.27 (0.78) | 1.8 (1.14 2.84) | 0.015 | 2.01 (1.32 3.08) | 0.001 |
| Helper T cell | 0.56 (0.47) | 0.79 (0.59) | 1.84 (0.97 3.48) | 0.060 | 2.05 (1.14 3.70) | 0.016 |
| Cytotoxic T cell | 0.22 (0.19) | 0.42 (0.30) | 2.18 (1.47 3.23) | < 0.001 | 2.55 (1.80 3.61) | < 0.001 |
| Regulatory T cell | 0.07 (0.05) | 0.07 (0.06) | 0.92 (0.57 1.49) | 0.729 | 0.91 (0.60 1.39) | 0.659 |
| Macrophage | 0.24 (0.18) | 0.19 (0.12) | 0.86 (0.54 1.37) | 0.498 | 0.86 (0.54 1.38) | 0.534 |
| PD-L1-positive† | ||||||
| T cell (any type) | 0.40 (0.57) | 0.7 (0.59) | 3.04 (1.48 6.23) | 0.005 | 3.54 (1.86 6.76) | < 0.001 |
| Helper T cell | 0.28 (0.44) | 0.47 (0.46) | 3.31 (1.45 7.57) | 0.008 | 3.58 (1.76 7.29) | < 0.001 |
| Cytotoxic T cell | 0.08 (0.11) | 0.19 (0.21) | 2.44 (1.28 4.63) | 0.011 | 2.98 (1.74 5.08) | < 0.001 |
| Regulatory T cell | 0.05 (0.05) | 0.05 (0.05) | 1.39 (0.71 2.73) | 0.311 | 1.38 (0.78 2.46) | 0.272 |
| Macrophage | 0.12 (0.13) | 0.14 (0.11) | 1.66 (0.75 3.68) | 0.192 | 1.63 (0.84 3.13) | 0.147 |
| Tumor | ||||||
| Any PD-L1 | ||||||
| T cell (any type) | 0.16 (0.17) | 0.15 (0.15) | 1.04 (0.61 1.8) | 0.865 | 1.07 (0.65 1.77) | 0.794 |
| Helper T cell | 0.10 (0.11) | 0.07 (0.07) | 0.81 (0.52 1.24) | 0.304 | 0.77 (0.49 1.22) | 0.268 |
| Cytotoxic T cell | 0.06 (0.05) | 0.08 (0.09) | 1.26 (0.81 1.94) | 0.282 | 1.36 (0.91 2.05) | 0.134 |
| Regulatory T cell | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.72 (0.41 1.28) | 0.242 | 0.79 (0.49 1.29) | 0.346 |
| Macrophage | 0.04 (0.05) | 0.03 (0.02) | 0.71 (0.37 1.37) | 0.282 | 0.65 (0.38 1.09) | 0.105 |
| PD-L1-positive† | ||||||
| T cell (any type) | 0.11 (0.17) | 0.09 (0.09) | 1.42 (0.71 2.87) | 0.295 | 1.50 (0.86 2.63) | 0.151 |
| Helper T cell | 0.08 (0.13) | 0.05 (0.05) | 0.98 (0.51 1.91) | 0.955 | 1.07 (0.56 2.04) | 0.831 |
| Cytotoxic T cell | 0.04 (0.04) | 0.05 (0.05) | 1.63 (0.80 3.31) | 0.155 | 1.68 (1.06 2.64) | 0.026 |
| Regulatory T cell | 0.03 (0.05) | 0.01 (0.01) | 1.00 (0.49 2.05) | 0.999 | 0.64 (0.32 1.29) | 0.211 |
| Macrophage | 0.03 (0.05) | 0.02 (0.02) | 0.84 (0.51 1.39) | 0.463 | 0.87 (0.51 1.49) | 0.621 |
| Stroma and tumor | ||||||
| PD-L1-positive† | ||||||
| PD-L1+ IC3 | 0.41 (0.53) | 0.70 (0.54) | 2.75 (1.36 5.53) | 0.008 | 3.14 (1.68 5.87) | < 0.001 |
1Paired t-test based on log-transformed density
2Poisson Generalized Linear Mixed-Effects Model (GLMM), with a log-linear effect of prevalence, an offset of log (area) (to make the expected number of cells proportional to area), the fixed effect of time (pre vs post), and two random effects of patients and ROI, to account for the variation in patients and ROI
*× 10− 3; †PD-L1 > 2.6
T cell (any type) = combination of CD3+, CD8+, and FOXP3+ cell types; helper T cell = CD3+; cytotoxic T cell = CD8+; regulatory T cell = FOXP3+; macrophage = CD163
PD-L1 programmed death ligand 1, CI confidence interval