Table 3.

Predictors of CRNA in Canada

Predictor	No. of articles reporting significance	Citations
Higher out-of-pocket costsa	13	[2, 3, 37, 39–41, 47, 50–53, 55, 56]
Lower income or low financial flexibility	9	[3, 38–40, 43, 46, 48, 54, 55]
Lack of drug insurance	7	[40, 41, 43, 46, 47, 54, 55]
Younger age	6	[38–40, 43, 46, 47]
Poor self-reported health status	5	[39, 40, 43, 46, 47]
Province of residence (e.g., Ontario instead of Quebec, or British Columbia instead of Ontario or Quebec)	4	[38, 43, 46, 47]
Several chronic health conditions	2	[38, 46]
High cost of drugs	2	[35, 54]
Low/medium drug importance from individual’s perspective	2	[54, 55]
Not feeling involved in treatment decisions	2	[39, 55]
First Nations status	1	[39]

^aIncludes studies comparing the rates of CRNA pre- and post-copayment policy