Table 3.

Comparison of surrogate markers of IR and insulin secretion between healthy control subjects and patients with MetS

Variable	Control group (n = 75)	MetS group (n = 75)	P
HOMA-IR	2.67 (1.98–3.53)	4.63 (3.69–6.82)	0.001
HOMA2-IR	1.51 (1.13–1.96)	2.06 (1.77–2.72)	0.001
HOMA-AD	3.85 (1.82–5.24)	8.11 (5.24–9.86)	0.001
HOMA-TG	0.47 (0.33–0.64)	0.81 (0.53–1.01)	0.001
TyG index	7.55 (5.54–8.92)	12.26 (9.95–14.44)	0.001
FIGR	2.05 (1.89–2.30)	2.31 (1.73–2.64)	0.307
FIRI	2.41 (1.78–3.18)	4.17 (3.33–6.14)	0.001
HOMA-1%S	37.40 (28.30–50.56)	21.58 (14.65–27.06)	0.001
HOMA-2%S	66.10 (51–88.7)	49 (37.4–56.7)	0.001
QUICKI	0.33 (0.31–0.34)	0.30 (0.29–0.31)	0.001
Bennet index	1.32 (1.19–1.52)	1.01 (0.86–1.11)	0.001
McAuley index	7.43 ± 2.70	6.01 ± 1.90	0.001
Raynaud index	3.41 (2.68–4.54)	2.68 (2.15–3.10)	0.001
1/Insulin	0.085 (0.067–0.114)	0.066 (0.054–0.078)	0.001
GI ratio	8.76 (7.81–9.53)	7.77 (6.81–10.43)	0.316
FISI	9.23 (6.98–12.48)	5.32 (3.61–6.68)	0.001
SPISE	6.01 (4.65–7.20)	3.53 (2.80–5.11)	0.001
HOMA-1%B	130.82 (108–164.25)	80.57 (65.90–96.01)	0.001
HOMA-2%B	110.20 (97.30–129.10)	73.80 (61.30–87.03)	0.001

Values are presented as median (interquartile range) or mean± standard deviation. All the IR indices should be lower to be healthy, and the insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function indices should be higher.

IR, insulin resistance; MetS, metabolic syndrome; HOMA, homeostatic model assessment; AD, adiponectin; TG, triglycerides; TyG, triglyceride-glucose; FIGR, fasting insulin to glucose ratio; FIRI, fasting insulin resistance; %S, insulin sensitivity; QUICKI, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; 1/Insulin, reciprocal insulin; GI, glucose to insulin; FISI, fasting insulin sensitivity index; SPISE, single-point insulin sensitivity estimator; %B, beta-cell function.