Fig. 9.

Periodic changes in relative expression of Ramy3D (A–D), ACS5 (E–H) and ADH1 (I–L) in four rice genotypes [FR, FR13A (A, E, I); IC, IC450292 (B, F, J); SS, Swarna-Sub1 (C, G, K); SW, Swarna (D, H, L)] subjected to 14 d of complete submergence with (S + G) and without (S – G) a leaf gas film. The gene expression data were normalized using the Os18srRNA gene as internal control and calculated with respect to the unsubmerged control. The values presented are the mean ± s.e.m. (n = 3), and the bars marked with ‘*’ above denote a significant change (upregulation) in gene expression as compared with the unsubmerged control according to Tukey’s multiple range test.