Figure 3.

Effect of liraglutide in PA-induced INS-1 cells injury, autophagy and FoxO1. (A) Western blotting, using β-actin as a control, for determining cleaved caspase-3 protein expression. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and are presented as the mean ± SD (n=3). ^#P<0.05 vs. CON group; *P<0.05 vs. PA group. (B) Immunofluorescence analysis of LC3 puncta in control and GLP-1 group. Scale bar, 50 µm. (C). Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of p-FoxO1 and FoxO1 in each group. FoxO1, Forkhead box O1; LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain3; CON, control; PA, palmitate; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; p-, phosphorylated.