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. 2021 Jan 6;20:5. doi: 10.1186/s12938-020-00845-5

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 7 — Endomicroscopy 2PF redox imaging of a mouse kidney ischemia–reperfusion model in vivo. Top row a–c 2PF intensity images from the NADH detection channel (417–477 nm); middle row d–f 2PF intensity images from the FAD detection channel (496–665 nm); bottom row g–i 2PF intensity images color-coded by the measured optical redox ratio defined as FAD/(FAD + NADH), where more reddish (greenish) color corresponds to an increased (reduced) concentration of NADH and thus a reduced (increased) redox ratio. The dark round-to-elliptical spots scattered along the renal tubule wall (dashed squares) correspond to the nuclei of renal tubular cells. Each column corresponds to one specific time point: normal (left), 2 min 30 s post-ischemia (center), and 3 min 05 s post-reperfusion (right). 2PF, two-photon fluorescence; Scale bar = 10 μm. Adapted with permission from Ref. [115].

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