Fig. 6.

The expression and activity of antioxidant enzyme in the liver of ApoE^−/− mice. The mRNA levels of a superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), b SOD2, c glutathione peroxidase 3 (GSH-Px3), and d catalase (CAT) in mice. e Hepatic total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in mice. Activity of f SOD, g GSH-Px, and h CAT in the liver of mice. i Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) level in mice. Data are expressed as mean with SD, n = 8. ^a,b,c,dmeans with different superscript letters differ significantly at p < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA. p for dose effect was analyzed using ordinary linear regression across WD + TMAO, WD + TMAO + L-HFE, and WD + TMAO + H-HFE groups