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. 2021 Jan 6;9:2. doi: 10.1186/s40478-020-01098-y

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Functional MRI of concussed and sham animals. a–c Post-concussion stimulus-evoked fMRI activity changes of a CON day 2 versus sham, b CON day 7 versus sham, c CON day 14 versus sham. h–j Post-concussion changes in local intrinsic functional connectivity in (H) CON day 2 versus sham, (I) CON day 7 versus sham, and j CON day 14 versus sham. a–c, h–j Statistical map thresholded at p value < 0.05 (two-tailed), unpaired two sample t test, implemented as permutation tested for the General Linear Model, corrected for multiple comparisons with mass-based FSL’s Threshold-free Cluster enhancement (TFCE). Statistical maps were overlaid on the study-specific averaged EPI images. Red anatomical orientation marker L = Left, R = Right. ACA = Anterior Cingulate Area, AM = Amygdala, AUD = Auditory Area, CPu = Caudate Putamen, GP = Globus Pallidus, HP = Hippocampus, INS = Insula, M2 = Secondary Motor Cortex, MB = Midbrain, PRT = Pretectal area, S1 = Primary Somatosensory Cortex, RSN = Retrosplenial Area, TH-pmc = Thalamus-polymodal association cortex, VIS = Visual Area. d Average functional network connectivity (FNC) matrices among Independent Components (ICs) identified by IVA-GL of (a) sham (n = 14). Colour scaled by z test statistics; non-black cells were defined as component–component connectivity deemed statistically significant. One sample t tests, permutation-tested, and FDR-corrected (q value < 0.05, two-tailed). e–g Post-concussion FNC changes of e CON day 2 versus sham, f CON day 7 versus sham, g CON day 14 versus sham. Colour scaled by z test statistics; non-black cells were defined as component–component connectivity deemed statistically significant. Two sample t tests, permutation-tested, and FDR-corrected (q value < 0.1, two-tailed)