Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the study participants according to the 10-year ASCVD risk categories: Tehran lipid and glucose study 1999–2016)
| Total (n = 1204) | 10-year ASCVD risk categories | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Borderline risk (n = 401) | Intermediate risk (n = 803) | p | ||
| 10-year ACC/AHA risk-related variables | ||||
| Female gender, n (%) | 332 (27.57) | 152 (37.9) | 180 (22.4) | |
| Age, years | 57.5 (57.0–58.0) | 53.9 (53.2–54.7) | 59.3 (58.7–59.8) | 0.07 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 128.3 (127.1–129.4) | 123.9 (122.1–125.6) | 130.5 (129.1–132.0) | 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 80.5 (79.8–81.1) | 80.0 (78.9–81.1) | 80.7 (79.9–81.6) | 0.03 |
| TC (mg/dl) | 214.6 (212.7–216.6) | 214.5 (211.2–217.8) | 214.6 (212.2–217.1) | 0.42 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 39.2 (38.6–39.8) | 39.6 (38.5–40.6) | 39.1 (38.4–39.8) | 0.11 |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 138.6 (137.1–140.1) | 138.0 (135.5–140.5) | 138.9 (137.0–140.8) | 0.28 |
| FPG (mg/dl) | 92.9 (92.3–93.5) | 92.9 (91.9–93.9) | 92.9 (92.2–93.6) | 0.71 |
| 2 h-PCPG (mg/dl) | 115.0 (113.1–116.8) | 113.6 (110.5–116.7) | 115.7 (113.4–118.0) | 0.49 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 381 (31.64) | 106 (26.4) | 275 (34.2) | |
| Anti-hypertensive medication, n (%) | 126 (10.5) | 46 (11.5) | 80 (10.0) | |
| ASCVD risk enhancers | ||||
| METS, n (%) | 583 (48.5) | 191 (47.7) | 392 (48.9) | 0.7 |
| Elevated TG, n (%) | 536 (44.5) | 180 (44.9) | 356 (44.3) | 0.85 |
| Elevated LDL-C, n (%) | 298 (24.7) | 91 (22.7) | 207 (25.8) | 0.24 |
| HDPa, n (%) | 7 (2.1) | 3 (1.97) | 4 (2.22) | 0.59 |
| CKD, n (%) | 333 (27.7) | 100 (24.9) | 233 (29.0) | 0.13 |
| Family history premature CVD, n (%) | 160 (13.3) | 62 (15.5) | 98 (12.2) | 0.12 |
| Premature menopausea, n (%) | 10 (3.0) | 5 (3.29) | 5 (2.78) | 0.26 |
| GDM/Macrosomiaa, n (%) | 31 (9.34) | 18 (11.84) | 13 (7.22) | 0.15 |
| Other variables | ||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.9 (26.6–27.1) | 27.2 (26.7–27.6) | 26.7 (26.4–27.0) | 0.37 |
| WC (cm) | 92.3 (91.7–93.0) | 92.0 (90.9–93.0) | 92.5 (91.8–93.3) | 0.85 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 67.4 (91.7–93.0) | 68.8 (67.6–70.0) | 66.7 (65.9–67.5) | 0.59 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 164.0 (121.0–235.5) | 165.0 (122.0–2.34) | 163.0 (120.0–237.0) | 0.73 |
| 10-year hard CVD event, n (%) | 73 (6.06) | 16 (4.0) | 57 (7.1) | 0.03 |
| 15-year hard CVD event, n (%) | 138 (11.46) | 33 (8.23) | 105 (13.1) | 0.01 |
| 10-year all CVD event, n (%) | 181 (15.03) | 39 (9.73) | 142 (17.68) | < 0.001 |
| 15-year all CVD event, n (%) | 296 (24.6) | 70 (17.46) | 226 (28.14) | < 0.001 |
ACC/AHA American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association, ASCVD atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FPG fasting plasma glucose, 2h-PCPG 2-hour post-challenge plasma glucose, CKD chronic kidney disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CVD cardiovascular disease, TC total cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglyceride, GDM gestational diabetes, Mets metabolic syndrome, Elevated TG: TG ≥ 177.0 mg/dl; Elevated LDL-C: LDL-C ≥ mg/dl; HDP hypertensive disorders pregnancy, p p-value
Values are shown as Mean (95% CI) and number (%), (for continuous and categorical variables, respectively); for TG values are shown as median (Interquartile range)
aReported only among females