Table 2.
Intergroup comparison between three groups A, B, and C
| V | P | C | group A | group B | group C | H & p value | Intergroup comparison | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mdn (min-max) | Mdn (min-max) | Mdn (min-max) | A vs. B | B vs. C | A vs. C | ||||
| v-COP [cm/s] |
F I R S T |
unperturbed crossing | 0.82 (0.50-1.42) | 0.94 (0.55-4.13) | 0.85 (0.38-2.60) | H = 2.15 p = .3401 | - | - | - |
| obstacle crossing | 0.76 (0.50-3.66) | 1.08 (0.57-3.23) | 1.00 (0.53-1.66) | H = 3.59 p = .1665 | - | - | - | ||
| step-up | 0.88 (0.46- 1.70) | 1.10 (0.51-3.38) | 1.08 (0.59-2.33) | H = 4.67 p = .0967 | - | - | - | ||
| step-down | 3.28 (0.93-1.87) | 1.17 (0.63-5.84) | 0.92 (0.48-1.65) | H = 2.75 p = .2529 | - | - | - | ||
| std-COP [cm] | unperturbed crossing | 0.37 (0.23-0.64) | 0.42 (0.26-0.85) | 0.36 (0.22-0.86) | H = 1.37 p = .5032 | - | - | - | |
| obstacle crossing | 0.37 (0.23-7.63) | 0.46 (0.26-0.82) | 0.42 (0.22-0.76) | H = 1.78 p = .4098 | - | - | - | ||
| step-up | 0.40 (0.26- 0.60) | 0.47 (0.25-0.87) | 0.47 (0.23-0.92) | H = 2.37 p = .3057 | - | - | - | ||
| step-down | 0.42 (0.26-0.87) | 0.47 (0.26-1.10) | 0.41 (0.20-1.16) | H = 2.96 p = .2273 | - | - | - | ||
| TT [s] |
S E C O N D |
unperturbed crossing | 2.70 (2.35-3.85) | 3.32 (2.69-4.50) | 3.57 (2.88-4.89) | H = 17.97 p = .0001 | + | - | + |
| obstacle crossing | 3.01 (2.51-3.91) | 3.45 (2.845-4.63) | 3.48 (2.94-6.54) | H = 15.78 p = .0004 | + | - | + | ||
| step-up | 2.93 (2.50- 4.50) | 3.50 (2.64-4.71) | 3.77 (3.07-5.83) | H = 13.56 p = .0011 | - | - | + | ||
| step-down | 3.28 (2.53-4.44) | 3.30 (2.65-5.10) | 3.68 (3.05-5.06) | H = 5.77 p = .0559 | - | - | - | ||
| S1 [s] | unperturbed crossing | 1.11 (0.95-2.7) | 1.29 (1.02-1.73) | 1.37 (1.05-2.18) | H = 8.37 p = .0153 | - | - | + | |
| obstacle crossing | 1.30 (1.02-2.03) | 1.36 (1.05-1.93) | 1.47 (0.97-2.53) | H = 4.76 p = .0926 | - | - | - | ||
| step-up | 1.12 (0.97-2.39) | 1.27 (1.02-2.14) | 1.35 (1.03-2.24) | H = 12.77 p = .0017 | + | - | + | ||
| step-down | 1.32 (1.03-2.80) | 1.37 (1.15-2.78) | 1.50 (1.28-2.33) | H = 5.46 p = .0654 | - | - | - | ||
| S2 [s] | unperturbed crossing | 1.28 (0.82-2.51) | 1.67 (1.19-2.24) | 1.74 (1.30-2.74) | H = 12.87 p = .0016 | - | - | + | |
| obstacle crossing | 1.40 (1.03-2.13) | 1.72 (1.44-2.36) | 1.83 (1.40-3.60) | H = 16.56 p = .0003 | + | - | + | ||
| step-up | 1.46 (1.17-2.45) | 1.82 (1.19-2.88) | 1.95 (0.99-3.09) | H = 11.82 p = .0027 | + | - | + | ||
| step-down | 1.58 (1.31-2.12) | 1.63 (1.09-2.94) | 1.82 (1.41-3.40) | H = 5.85 p = .0536 | - | - | - | ||
| DST [s] | unperturbed crossing | 0.27 (0.15-0.44) | 0.32 (0.23-0.47) | 0.40 (0.26-0.71) | H = 18.19 p = .0001 | - | + | + | |
| obstacle crossing | 0.27 (0.17-0.40) | 0.27 (0.22-0.54) | 0.36 (0.28-0.61) | H = 22.14 p = .0000 | - | + | + | ||
| step-up | 0.34 (0.19-0.91) | 0.40 (0.26-0.79) | 0.50 (0.25-0.79) | H = 8.85 p = .0120 | - | - | + | ||
| step-down | 0.22 (0.13-0.66) | 0.24 (0.18-0.41) | 0.21 (0.07-0.34) | H = 4.47 p = .1068 | - | - | - | ||
| v-COP [cm/s] |
T H I R D |
unperturbed crossing | 0.61 (0.43-1.33) | 0.84 (0.55-3.06) | 0.76 (0.37-1.62) | H = 11.36 p = .0034 | + | - | - |
| obstacle crossing | 0.59 (0.38-1.27) | 0.88 (0.50-3.47) | 0.81 (0.44-1.62) | H = 10.67 p = .0048 | + | - | + | ||
| step-up | 0.73 (0.50-2.08) | 0.89 (0.58-4.94) | 0.92 (0.37-1.81) | H = 4.91 p = .0860 | - | - | - | ||
| step-down | 0.64 (0.39-1.50) | 0.91 (0.51-3.70) | 0.90 (0.49-1.85) | H = 10.28 p = .0059 | + | - | + | ||
| std-COP [cm] | unperturbed crossing | 0.33 (0.19-0.50) | 0.46 (0.23-0.74) | 0.37 (0.20-0.76) | H = 6.10 p = .0473 | + | - | - | |
| obstacle crossing | 0.28 (0.18-0.56) | 0.41 (0.20-0.68) | 0.40 (0.24-0.76) | H = 10.27 p = .0059 | + | - | + | ||
| step-up | 0.32 (0.16-0.54) | 0.42 (0.16-1.05) | 0.42 (0.22-1.33) | H = 6.42 p = .0403 | - | - | - | ||
| step-down | 0.37 (0.21-0.63) | 0.37 (0.23-0.92) | 0.39 (0.18-1.16) | H = 0.37 p = .8298 | - | - | - | ||
Abbreviations: V variables, P phase, C condition, TT transit time, S1 stability time 1, S2 stability time 2, DST double support time, group A 50-60 years old, group B 60-70 years old, group C 70-80 years old, ‘+’ statistically significant differences between groups (p < 0.05); ‘-‘ – no statistically significant differences between groups (p > 0.05)