Table 1.
Trends Over Time in Country Differences in Life Expectancy at Birth (e0) in Europe, and the Contribution of Smoking, Selected Years in the Period 1985–2014*, 30 Countries, by Sex
| Average contribution smoking** | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country differences e0 | All the countries | Countries with below-average e0 values | Countries with above-average e0 values | |||||||||||
| Sex | Year | Weighted average e0 | Range e0 | Pop variance | Average absolute difference | N | Years | % | N | Years | % | N | Years | % |
| Men and women | 1985 | 72.41 | [68.26, 77.52] | 7.12 | 2.53 | 30 | 0.61 | 24.24 | 12 | 0.51 | 23.78 | 18 | 0.68 | 24.47 |
| Men and women | 1990 | 73.35 | [69.22, 77.93] | 8.39 | 2.78 | 30 | 0.78 | 28.20 | 11 | 0.79 | 27.48 | 19 | 0.78 | 28.64 |
| Men and women | 1995 | 72.44 | [64.51, 78.83] | 17.74 | 4.15 | 30 | 1.18 | 28.46 | 10 | 1.02 | 27.84 | 20 | 1.26 | 28.71 |
| Men and women | 2000 | 73.67 | [65.29, 79.84] | 15.70 | 3.97 | 30 | 1.02 | 25.64 | 9 | 0.87 | 25.11 | 21 | 1.08 | 25.83 |
| Men and women | 2005 | 74.44 | [65.34, 81.37] | 19.51 | 4.50 | 30 | 1.07 | 23.87 | 9 | 0.92 | 24.28 | 21 | 1.14 | 23.74 |
| Men and women | 2010 | 76.55 | [68.93, 82.30] | 15.18 | 3.84 | 30 | 0.87 | 22.66 | 10 | 0.87 | 25.61 | 20 | 0.87 | 21.41 |
| Men and women | 2014* | 77.79 | [70.75, 83.10] | 13.40 | 3.60 | 30 | 0.77 | 21.31 | 10 | 0.80 | 24.31 | 20 | 0.75 | 20.01 |
| Men | 1985 | 68.39 | [62.73, 74.81] | 10.80 | 3.11 | 30 | 1.32 | 42.33 | 12 | 1.05 | 41.49 | 18 | 1.50 | 42.74 |
| Men | 1990 | 69.28 | [63.76, 75.36] | 13.10 | 3.49 | 30 | 1.59 | 45.52 | 11 | 1.54 | 44.80 | 19 | 1.62 | 45.92 |
| Men | 1995 | 67.97 | [58.11, 76.18] | 27.97 | 5.26 | 30 | 2.25 | 42.69 | 9 | 2.09 | 42.00 | 21 | 2.31 | 42.96 |
| Men | 2000 | 69.37 | [58.98, 77.86] | 25.01 | 5.07 | 30 | 2.08 | 41.12 | 9 | 1.76 | 41.41 | 21 | 2.22 | 41.02 |
| Men | 2005 | 70.19 | [58.91, 79.47] | 31.72 | 5.77 | 30 | 2.17 | 37.66 | 8 | 2.01 | 37.37 | 22 | 2.23 | 37.76 |
| Men | 2010 | 72.80 | [63.07, 80.03] | 24.96 | 4.94 | 30 | 1.84 | 37.28 | 10 | 1.76 | 39.48 | 20 | 1.89 | 36.34 |
| Men | 2014* | 74.26 | [65.11, 81.13] | 22.61 | 4.70 | 30 | 1.65 | 35.23 | 10 | 1.62 | 37.10 | 20 | 1.67 | 34.38 |
| Women | 1985 | 76.21 | [73.00, 80.35] | 4.93 | 2.04 | 30 | −0.04 | −1.96 | 12 | −0.01 | −0.51 | 18 | −0.06 | −2.72 |
| Women | 1990 | 77.28 | [73.77, 80.98] | 5.14 | 2.09 | 30 | −0.03 | −1.33 | 11 | 0.03 | 1.23 | 19 | −0.06 | −3.00 |
| Women | 1995 | 77.00 | [71.61, 81.91] | 9.26 | 2.92 | 30 | −0.04 | −1.23 | 11 | 0.05 | 2.08 | 19 | −0.09 | −2.76 |
| Women | 2000 | 78.02 | [72.23, 82.87] | 8.34 | 2.77 | 30 | −0.12 | −4.48 | 10 | 0.02 | 0.71 | 20 | −0.19 | −6.60 |
| Women | 2005 | 78.76 | [72.45, 83.82] | 9.73 | 3.09 | 30 | −0.16 | −5.15 | 9 | −0.01 | −0.54 | 21 | −0.22 | −6.81 |
| Women | 2010 | 80.25 | [74.87, 85.04] | 8.10 | 2.76 | 30 | −0.17 | −6.13 | 8 | −0.03 | −0.99 | 22 | −0.22 | −8.30 |
| Women | 2014* | 81.24 | [75.99, 85.64] | 7.16 | 2.57 | 30 | −0.18 | −6.87 | 8 | −0.05 | −1.57 | 22 | −0.22 | −9.16 |
*Or latest available year: Bulgaria 2010, Greece 2013, Russia 2013, Ukraine 2012.
**A positive sign for the relative contribution of smoking indicates that smoking resulted in larger country differences in e0 (“positive” contribution to country differences in e0); a negative sign for the relative contribution of smoking indicates that smoking resulted in smaller country differences in e0 (“negative” contribution to country differences in e0).