Fig. 3.

Formoterol (form) improves glucose-induced alteration of ATP content and electron transport chain proteins in db/db mice. Diabetic db/db and control (ctrl) db/m mice (10 wk of age) were treated with either vehicle (veh; 0.1% DMSO) or formoterol (1 mg/kg) daily for 3 wk. Kidneys were harvested, and renal cortical tissue was analyzed for ATP content (A), immunoblot for total oxphos proteins (B), and densitometry analysis of ATP5A (C), UQCRC2 (D), MTCO1 (E), SDHB (F), and NDUFB8 (G). Data are presented as means ± SE; n = 6. Statistical significance was determined using two-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer post hoc test. ^αP < 0.05 compared with db/m vehicle.