Table 2.
Results for organization of homeschooling as well as results of ANOVAs and effects sizes (ES) for differences between countries
| Total | UK | Sweden | Spain | Belgium | Netherlands | Germany | Italy | F (ES) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of time spent (SD) on different activities during homeschoolinga | |||||||||
| Contact with teacher (e.g., live webinars) | 13.71 (17.64) | 4.41c (9.54) | 30.12a (22.27) | 12.58b (15.49) | 11.83b (11.47) | 13.93b (14.09) | 5.16c (8.49) | 24.38a (19.68) | 326.62* (0.29) |
| Contact with peers (e.g., working in small groups) | 7.68 (11.25) | 3.06b (7.44) | 12.87a (11.70) | 11.70 (12.43) | 12.43a (8.73) | 6.96 (10.58) | 6.28 (10.82) | 7.36 (19.67) | 48.00 (0.06) |
| Self-study (e.g., individual assignments) | 47.52 (26.95) | 48.44 (34.36) | 43.26 (22.83) | 43.62 (28.26) | 54.07a (25.62) | 47.27 (25.45) | 54.53a (25.54) | 35.16b (23.01) | 51.41 (0.06) |
| Contact with parent (e.g., assisting in schoolwork) | 29.85 (29.58) | 45.18a (35.21) | 15.28b (22.99) | 37.25a (31.20) | 30.19a (27.46) | 33.33a (27.81) | 33.99a (27.32) | 35.24a (29.85) | 66.91 (0.08) |
| Special educational needs (SEN) | χ2 | ||||||||
| Percentage of children with SEN | |||||||||
| MHC group | 63.0 | 60.3 | 76.3 | 58.4 | 58.9 | 56.7 | 35.6 | 66.4 | 117.26* (0.24) |
| NO-MHC group | 7.4 | 3.8 | 7.3 | 11.9 | 6.1 | 18.1 | 6.3 | 2.8 | 86.86* (0.14) |
| Children with SEN who also receive special education support during homeschooling | 78.4 | 79.4 | 79.9 | 79.4 | 80.2 | 79.8 | 71.3 | 73.2 | 7.86 (0.07) |
| Children receiving extra support during homeschooling whose parents feel that this support is not sufficient | 65.3 | 72.5 | 62.1 | 66.4 | 74.6 | 69.2 | 61.3 | 49.1 | 15.97 (0.12) |
| Children with SEN, where the school has not been in contact with the family to discuss homeschooling | 45.5 | 33.6 | 55.7 | 29.0 | 48.8 | 35.0 | 60.1 | 51.8 | 92.15* (0.24) |
The letters a and b indicate a significant difference between countries with an effect size of at least medium size (V ≥ 0.30), with the letter a always indicating a larger proportion compared to countries marked with the letter b, and c the lowest proportion
*Significant at p < 0.001
aWith regard to homeschooling organization, we had some technical problems with the survey, resulting in loss of data in all countries except Germany. For these analyses, the number of participants for these analyses is therefore lower. UK: n = 509; Sweden: n = 1432; Spain: n = 1491; Belgium = 508; Netherlands: n = 324; Germany: n = 1662; Italy: n = 794. However, the sample with missing data for this question did not differ significantly from the remaining sample with regard to any of the background variables