Figure 6.

Summarizing scheme. Top: RTFCs injected into mice are supplied by host-derived blood vessels, resulting in limited graft perfusion and low tubulogenic potential. Bottom: In contrast, when RTFCs are injected alongside MSCs and ECFCs, the latter augment the RTFCs tubulogenic potential via two mechanisms: 1. Generation of a large number of donor-derived vessels, which provide the grafts with rich blood supply, thereby promoting tubulogenesis. 2. The exertion of pro-tubulogenic paracrine effects on RTFCs.