Table 3.
Risk of CKD outcomes according to GRSs for short sleep duration or long sleep duration
| Exposure, Subgroups, and Outcomes | Main Analysisa | Sensitivity Analysis 1b | Sensitivity Analysis 2c | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| GRS for short sleep duration | ||||||
| Total genotyped (n=321,260) | ||||||
| CKD stages 3–5 | 1.80 (1.25 to 2.60) | 0.002 | 1.92 (1.25 to 2.96) | 0.003 | 1.73 (1.20 to 2.52) | 0.004 |
| CKD with eGFR≥45d | 1.88 (1.26 to 2.79) | 0.002 | 2.04 (1.27 to 3.27) | 0.003 | 1.83 (1.22 to 2.74) | 0.003 |
| Men genotyped (n=148,836) | ||||||
| CKD stages 3–5 | 1.77 (1.04 to 3.01) | 0.04 | 1.57 (0.84 to 2.95) | 0.16 | 1.76 (1.02 to 3.03) | 0.04 |
| CKD with eGFR≥45d | 1.91 (1.06 to 3.45) | 0.03 | 1.76 (0.87 to 3.53) | 0.11 | 1.89 (1.03 to 3.44) | 0.04 |
| Women genotyped (n=172,424) | ||||||
| CKD stages 3–5 | 1.85 (1.12 to 3.05) | 0.02 | 2.33 (1.29 to 4.22) | 0.005 | 1.76 (1.06 to 2.92) | 0.03 |
| CKD with eGFR≥45d | 1.87 (1.09 to 3.21) | 0.02 | 2.36 (1.24 to 4.47) | 0.009 | 1.83 (1.06 to 3.15) | 0.03 |
| GRS for long sleep duration | ||||||
| Total genotyped (n=321,260) | ||||||
| CKD stages 3–5 | 1.15 (0.73 to 1.81) | 0.56 | 1.24 (0.74 to 2.06) | 0.42 | 1.16 (0.73 to 1.85) | 0.53 |
| CKD with eGFR≥45d | 1.03 (0.63 to 1.70) | 0.90 | 1.10 (0.63 to 1.93) | 0.74 | 1.09 (0.66 to 1.81) | 0.75 |
| Men genotyped (n=148,836) | ||||||
| CKD stages 3–5 | 0.88 (0.45 to 1.73) | 0.71 | 0.78 (0.36 to 1.67) | 0.52 | 0.95 (0.47 to 1.89) | 0.88 |
| CKD with eGFR≥45d | 0.84 (0.40 to 1.79) | 0.65 | 0.67 (0.29 to 1.57) | 0.36 | 0.95 (0.44 to 2.03) | 0.89 |
| Women genotyped (n=172,424) | ||||||
| CKD stages 3–5 | 1.44 (0.78 to 2.68) | 0.25 | 1.83 (0.92 to 3.67) | 0.09 | 1.38 (0.74 to 2.60) | 0.31 |
| CKD with eGFR≥45d | 1.23 (0.63 to 2.40) | 0.55 | 1.64 (0.78 to 3.47) | 0.20 | 1.22 (0.62 to 2.41) | 0.56 |
eGFR is in milliliters per minute per 1.73 m2. OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.
Main analysis results were adjusted for age, sex, genotype measurement batch, and the first ten principal components of the genetic information.
Sensitivity analysis 1 was performed with recalculated GRSs after excluding SNPs that were in genome-wide significant (P<0.001) association with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, or current smoking from the genetic instruments. The process excluded four SNPs (rs13107325, rs2820313, rs2014830, and rs1176350) from the genetic instrument for short sleep and one SNP (rs17817288) from the genetic instrument for long sleep.
Sensitivity analysis 2 was performed by adding phenotypical hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and smoking history to the main analysis model. The analysis was performed with 316,688 individuals (146,280 men and 170,408 women) with phenotypic information in the covariates.
In the analysis for CKD with eGFR≥45 ml/min per 1.73 m2 outcome, those with lower eGFR (<45 ml/min per 1.73 m2) were not included (n=1276), and we included those with CKD with ≥45 ml/min per 1.73 m2 or without CKD to limit the CKD outcome to those without profoundly reduced eGFR.