Table 1.

Patient characteristics

	Number of patients (n = 119)
Sex ratio (male:female)	89: 30
Age (years) at symptom onset, mean (range)	6.9 (1–14)
Age (years) at diagnosis, mean (range)	8 (1–17)
Time interval (months) between symptom onset and diagnosis, mean (range)	13.3 (0.25–132)
Subtypes of tic disorder
Provisional tic disorder	92 (77.3%)
Chronic motor or vocal tic disorder	8 (6.7%)
Tourette syndrome	19 (16%)
Initial tic symptoms
Eye blinking	60 (50.4%)
Jaw/Lip movement	35 (29.4%)
Throat clearing	35 (29.4%)
Head turning/Nodding	34 (28.6%)
Eyeball rolling	32 (26.9%)
Arm movement	32 (26.9%)
Palilalia	25 (21%)
Shoulder movement	23 (19.3%)
Grimacing	21 (17.6%)
Leg movement	19 (16%)
Sniffling	18 (15.1%)
Coughing	15 (12.6%)
Trunk movement	14 (11.8%)
Sighing	5 (4.2%)
Echolalia	4 (3.4%)
Coprolalia	3 (2.5%)
Grunting	3 (2.5%)
Whistling	2 (1.7%)
Spitting	1 (0.8%)