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. 2021 Jan 7;12:44. doi: 10.1186/s13287-020-02107-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — IFP-MSC spheroid immunophenotypic profile and tripotentiality. a In 2D settings, Crude IFP-MSC show stable MSC-related phenotypic profile with high expression levels for CD44 and CD90 markers and increased donor-to-donor variability in CD10, CD146, and CXCR4 expression levels. b, c Upon seeding in gas-permeable culture plates, Crude IFP-MSC can generate multiple sized spheroids (100–300 μm) with enhanced expression of CD90, CXCR4, CD10, and NG2. CD146 and CD44 show variable expression levels between spheroids. d IFP-MSC spheroids can efficiently differentiate towards chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic lineages after specific induction in gas-permeable plates. Quantitative molecular profiling showed that differentiation-related markers in induced IFP-MSC spheroids were increased compared to non-induced cultures, indicating their mature status. All experiments (n = 3) were performed independently, and data are presented as mean ± SD (*p < 0.05)